[1]张祎,李鹏,刘晓君,等.黄土丘陵区不同植被类型枯落物持水效能研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(05):100-105.
　ZHANG Yi,LI Peng,LIU Xiaojun,et al.Water Holding Capacity of Litter with Different Vegetation Types in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):100-105.
点击复制

黄土丘陵区不同植被类型枯落物持水效能研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 23 期数: 2016年05期 页码: 100-105 栏目: 出版日期: 2016-10-28
Title:
Water Holding Capacity of Litter with Different Vegetation Types in the Loess Hilly Region
作者:
张祎1, 李鹏1, 刘晓君2, 任宗萍1, 马田田1, 赵宾华1, 徐国策1
1. 西安理工大学 西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地, 西安 710048;
2. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
ZHANG Yi1, LI Peng1, LIU Xiaojun2, REN Zongping1, MA Tiantian1, ZHAO Binhua1, XU Guoce1
1. State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry-land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
黄土丘陵区; 枯落物蓄积量; 持水量; 吸水速率
Keywords:
Loess Hilly Region; litter amount; water holding capacity; water absorption rate
分类号:
TV121+.2
摘要:
选择陕北绥德县王茂沟流域5种不同退耕还林植物枯落物进行浸水试验，对其枯落物蓄积量、持水量与吸水速率进行了分析。结果表明：（1）5种植被类型枯落物贮量大小排序为苹果林 > 油松林 > 白羊草草地 > 杏树林 > 榆树林；枯落物层厚度与枯落物贮量存在对数关系：y=4.55ln（x）-8.74（R2=0.8）；枯落物层贮量与枯落物水储量存在指数关系y=0.69e0.22x（R2=0.7）；（2）枯落物层的最大持水量变化范围为1.57～5.79 mm，有效拦蓄量变化范围为0.89～3.02 mm，枯落物有效拦量表现为苹果林 > 油松林 > 白羊草草地 > 榆树林 > 杏树林；（3）不同植被枯落物吸水速率随时间的变化过程较为相似，在2 h内吸水速率呈直线下降，24 h各植被枯落物吸水速率基本为0，达到最大持水量。对不同植被类型枯落物持水效能的研究，可以为解决黄土高原生态水资源短缺及水土流失治理提供理论基础及科技支撑。
Abstract:
The amount, water holding capacity and water absorption rate of litter with 5 different types of grain to green vegetation in Wangmaogou region were analyzed in submerging test. The results showed that: (1) The order of the litter amount of the 5 vegetation types is: Malus pumila Mill. (MP) > Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. (PT) > Bothriochloa ischaemumis (BI) > Armeniaca vulgaris Lam. (AV) > Ulmus pumila L. (UP). There is a logarithmic relationship between litter layer depth and amount: y=4.55ln(x)-8.74(R2=0.8), and exponential relationship for amount and water storage of litter: y=0.69e0.22x(R2=0.7). (2) The maximum water holding capacity of litter layer ranged from 1.57 mm to 5.79 mm while the effective holding capacity ranged from 0.89 mm to 3.02 mm. The order of the effective holding capacity is: MP > PT > BI > AV > UP.(3) The change trends of water absorption rate of litter among different vegetation were similar. It plummeted down within the first 2 hours, and then reached 0 at almost 24 hours later when the maximum water holding capacity appeared. Study on water capacity of litter with different vegetation types layer could provide a theoretical basis and technological support to solve the ecological water shortage and soil erosion prevention in the Loess Plateau.

参考文献/References:

[1] Odum E P. Fundamentals of Ecology[M]. Philadelphia and London:W B Saunders Company,1971:109-121.
[2] 吴钦孝,赵鸿雁,韩冰.黄土高原森林枯枝落叶层保持水土的有效性[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2001,29(5):95-98.
[3] 庞学勇,包维楷,张咏梅.岷江上游中山区低效林改造对枯落物水文作用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(4):119-122,155.
[4] 逯军峰.不同林龄油松人工林凋落物及其对土壤理化性质的影响研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2007.
[5] 赵鸿雁,吴钦孝,刘国彬.黄土高原人工油松林水文生态效应[J].生态学报,2003,23(2):376-379.
[6] 叶海英,赵廷宁,赵陟峰.半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区几种不同人工水土保持林枯落物储量及持水特性研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(1):121-125,130.
[7] 赵鸿雁,吴钦孝,刘国彬.黄土高原森林植被水土保持机理研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(5):140-144.
[8] 王云琦,王玉杰,张洪江,等.重庆缙云山几种典型植被枯落物水文特性研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(3):41-44.
[9] 韩路,王海珍,吕瑞恒,等.塔里木河上游不同森林类型枯落物的持水特性[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(1):96-101.
[10] 张金慧.从王茂沟治理典型看黄丘一副区小流域综合防治体系建设[J].人民黄河,1993(9):20-23.
[11] 冯国安,郑宝明.陕北王茂沟流域综合治理的启示[J].人民黄河,1998(1):18-20.
[12] 宋轩,李树人,姜凤岐.长江中游栓皮栎林水文生态效益研究[J].水土保持学报,2001,15(2):76-79.
[13] 张洪江,程金花,余新晓,等.贡嘎山冷杉纯林枯落物储量及其持水特性[J].林业科学,2003,39(5):147-151.
[14] 程良爽,宫渊波,关灵,等.山地森林-干旱河谷交错带不同植被枯落物水文效益研究[J].中国水土保持,2009(12):36-39,68.
[15] 韩同吉,裴胜民,张光灿,等.北方石质山区典型林分枯落物层涵蓄水分特征[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2005,36(2):275-278.
[16] 李学斌,陈林,田真,等.荒漠草原典型植物群落枯落物蓄积量及其持水性能[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6):144-147.
[17] 蒋积荣,牛赟,苗毓鑫.不同森林类型枯落物水文生态功能对比研究:以甘肃祁连山和云南元阳梯田水源林为例[J].防护林科技,2015(12):4-7.
[18] 梁文俊,丁国栋,周美思,等.冀北山地油松和落叶松林下枯落物的水文效应[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):71-74.
[19] 张国华,张展羽,左长清,等.红壤坡地不同类型梯田的水土保持效应[J].水利水电科技进展,2007,27(2):77-80.
[20] 焦菊英,王万中.黄土高原水平梯田质量及水土保持效果的分析[J].农业工程学报,1999(2):65-69.
[21] 张焜,张洪江,程金花.重庆四面山4种类型天然林枯落物水文效应[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(3):43-45.
[22] 刘秀萍,陈丽华,宋维峰,等.油松根系形态分布的分形分析研究[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(1):47-50,54.
[23] 魏晓霞,李良,孙旭,等.塞罕坝地区几种林下枯落物持水特性研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,31(3):41-45.
[24] 王丹丹.晋西黄土高原不同植被覆盖下的土壤抗冲性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[25] 李荣桓,李磊,戴雷,等.北京山区不同林分类型枯枝落叶层持水性能的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(3):1636-1639.
[26] 刘成功,万志兵,李燕,等.不同林龄无患子人工林枯落物的持水性[J].西南林业大学学报,2015,35(4):46-52.
[27] 伍飞舟,杨卓,牛健,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土地利用与水土保持措施的变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(2):10-14,19.
[28] 刘秀萍,陈丽华,陈吉虎.刺槐和油松根系密度分布特征研究[J].干旱区研究,2007,24(5):647-651.

相似文献/References:

[1]姚志宏,杨勤科,王粉萍,等.黄土丘陵区影响土壤水分的非气候因子之定量标征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):23.
　YAO Zhi-hong,YANG Qing-ke,WANG Feng-ping,et al.Quantitative Marking of Non-climatic Factors Influencing Soil Moisture in Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):23.
[2]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
　XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):202.
[3]赵发珠,韩新辉,杨改河,等.黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):43.
　ZHAO Fa-zhu,HAN Xin-hui,YANG Gai-he,et al.Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):43.
[4]陈宇,焦菊英,王宁,等.黄土丘陵区撂荒地不同侵蚀带土壤种子库特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):1.
　CHEN Yu,JIAO Ju-ying,WANG Ning,et al.Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks under Different Erosion Zones on Abandoned Land in the Hilly-gullied Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):1.
[5]邹厚远,关秀琦,鲁子瑜,等.黄土丘陵区造林技术研究[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):48.
　Zou Houyuan,Guan Xiuqi,Lu Ziyu,et al.The Research Report on Foresting Technique in the Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(05):48.
[6]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地生产持续发展研究──Ⅰ．沙打旺人工草地衰退后的草种更替[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):56.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅰ. Grass Varieties Alternation in the Declined Artifical Grassland of Astragalus adsurgens[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(05):56.
[7]关秀琦,邹厚远,鲁子瑜,等.黄土高原草地持续发展研究──Ⅲ．补播柠条和兴安胡枝子建立永久放牧草地试验[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):65.
　Guan Xiuqi,Zou Houyuan,Lu Ziyu,et al.Study on the Sustainable Development of the Grassland Production in Loess Plateau──Ⅲ. The Experiment of Builiding Permanent Grassland for herding by reseeding Caragana korshinskii and Lespedeza daharica[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(05):65.
[8]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区立体型高产半人工草地研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):38.
　Cheng Jimin.A Study on Establishing Stereo Style’s Semi-artificial Pasture with High Yeild in Southern Ningxia Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(05):38.
[9]程积民.宁南黄土丘陵区灌木林生产力的研究[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(01):129.
　Cheng Jimin.Study on Productivity of Shrubberies in Loess Hilly Region of South Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(05):129.
[10]侯喜禄,白岗栓,曹清玉.黄土丘陵区湾塌地乔灌林土壤水分动态监测[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(02):57.
　Hou Xilu,Bai Gangshuan,Cao Qingyu.Dynamic Observation of Soil Moisture on Arbor and Shrubbery in Sinking Lands in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(05):57.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2016-01-13;改回日期:2016-02-18。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目“黄土高原生态建设的生态—水文过程响应机理研究”（41330858）；国家自然科学基金“基于能量过程的坡沟系统侵蚀产沙过程调控与模拟”（41471226）；水利部公益性行业科研专项经费“生产建设项目水土保持生态效应监测与评价技术研究”（201501045）
作者简介:张祎(1991-),男,山西长治人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与土壤微生物方面研究。E-mail:18202915856@163.com
通讯作者:李鹏(1974-),男,山东烟台人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:liepng74@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01