YANG Fenghai,CHENG Guangda,WANG Panpan,et al.Study on Land Use Change and Its Driving Forces in Ning’an City Based on Fractal Theory[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):280-286.
基于分形的宁安市土地利用变化及驱动力研究
- Title:
- Study on Land Use Change and Its Driving Forces in Ning’an City Based on Fractal Theory
- 分类号:
- F301.2
- 摘要:
- 以黑龙江省宁安市为研究区，以1991—2010年3期遥感影像为数据源，基于分形理论，在RS、GIS技术支持下，运用空间统计分析和综合因素分析法分析研究区土地利用变化特征及其驱动力，以期揭示土地利用变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）1991—2010年研究区的土地利用发生了普遍的变化，耕地和建设用地的面积逐年增加，林地和草地的面积逐年减少，水域和其他用地的面积保持相对稳定。耕地面积的增长主要来源于林地；建设用地主要增量来源于耕地，林地转移方向主要为耕地，其增量主要来源于草地。草地面积逐年减少，其主要转移方向是耕地和林地，其增量主要来源于林地。（2）1991—2010年宁安市整体的分维数值处于上升趋势，稳定性是下降态势，水域的空间结构最复杂，耕地和建设用地的空间结构较为简单。水域结构复杂，稳定性强；耕地和林地结构先复杂后趋向稳定；草地和建设用地结构越来越复杂，趋于不稳定；其他用地结构简单，趋向稳定。（3）引起研究区土地利用变化的主要自然因素是灾害与气候特征，社会经济发展、人口因素、居民生活水平和技术进步是研究区土地利用变化的主要人为驱动力，人为因素的驱动力度在逐年加强。
- Abstract:
- We took Ning’an City in Heilongjiang Province as the study area. Based on the three periods of remote sensing images from 1991 to 2010, we investigated the quantitative and structural changes, land use changes characteristics using the fractal theory of the study area by RS, GIS, spatial statistical analysis and synthesis factor analysis method in order to reveal the pattern of land use change and its influencing factors. The results showed that: (1) drung the period from 1991 to 2010 land use in the study area generally changed, farmland and construction land area increased year by year, decrease of the area of woodland and grassland, water was found, and the other land area remained relatively stable, increase of arable land mainly was shifted from woodland; incremental construction land was mainly shifted from farmland, forestland transfer direction was mainly towards farmland, and was mainly shifted from its incremental grassland, grassland decreased year by year, its main transfer direction was towards farmland and woodland, its increment was mainly shifted from woodland; (2) during the period from 1991 to 2010, Ning’an overall value of the fractal dimension rose, the stability presented the downward trend, the spatial structure of waters was the most complex, spatial structures of arable land and the construction land were relatively simple, structure of waters was most stable; farmland and woodland structures tended to be stable after the first complexity; structures of grassland and construction land were more complex, and tended to be unstable; simple structure of other sites tended to be stable; (3) the main natural factors of land use change were the hydrological and climate characteristics, government decisions affecting land use change direction, the socio-economic development, demographic factors and technological progress were the main driving forces on human land use change, human factors driving strength became great year by year.
参考文献/References:
[1] 朱晓华,王建.分形理论在地理学中的应用现状和前景展望[J].大自然探索,1999,18(3):42-46.
[2] Mandelbrot B B. How long is the coast of Britain[J]. Science, 1967,156(3775):636-638.
[3] Mandelbort B B. The Fractals Geometry of Nature[M]. New York:W.H.Freeman,1982.
[4] 叶长盛,董玉祥.珠江三角洲土地利用分形特征及其影响机制[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(4):330-331.
[5] 范科红,李阳兵.1986-2007年重庆主城区土地利用变化及其驱动因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):168-173.
[6] 刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学,2010,32(8):1544-1550.
[7] 王婷婷,侯淑涛,唐军利,等.七台河市土地利用景观格局动态变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(3):90-93.
[8] 荆玉平,张树文,李颖.城乡交错带景观格局及多样性空间结构特征:以长春净月开发区为例.[J].资源科学,2007,29(5):43-49.
[9] 匡文慧,张树文.1900年以来长春市土地利用空间扩张机理分析[J].地理学报,2005,60(5):841-850.
[10] 陈倩,马泽忠,郑丽,等.重庆山地城市区1985-2010年土地利用变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(4):194-198.
[11] Batty M, Longley P A. The morphology of urban land use[J]. Environment and Planning B:Planning and Design,1988,15(4):461-488.
[12] White R, Engelen G. Cellular automata and fractal urban form:a cellular modelling approach to the evolution of urban land-use patterns[J]. Environment and Planning A,1993,25(8):1175-1199.
[13] 陈彦光,刘继生.城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息熵到分数维[J].地理研究,2001,20(2):146-152.
[14] 张文帅,王飞,穆兴民,等.近25 a延河流域土地利用/覆盖变化的时空特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(5):148-152.
[15] 孙栋元,赵成义,魏恒,等.基于分维模型的台兰河流域土利用变化研究[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(2):218-222.
相似文献/References:
[1]徐辉,雷国平,崔登攀,等.耕地生态安全评价研究——以黑龙江省宁安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(06):180.
XU Hui,LEI Guo-ping,CUI Deng-pan,et al.Study on Evaluation for Ecological Security of Cultivated Land -A Case Study of Ning’an City in Heilongjiang Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(02):180.
[2]姜磊,雷国平,张健,等.农村居民点空间布局及优化分析[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(01):224.
JIANG Lei,LEI Guo-ping,ZHANG Jian,et al.Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Optimization of Rural Settlement[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(02):224.
[3]张龙,宋戈,孟飞,等.宁安市土地生态脆弱性时空变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):133.
ZHANG Long,SONG Ge,MENG Fei,et al.Spatiotemporal Variation Analysis of the Land Ecological Vulnerability in Ning’an City, Heilongjiang Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):133.
[4]彭越,宋戈,王盼盼,等.基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值研究——以宁安市为例[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(06):302.
PENG Yue,SONG Ge,WANG Pan-Pan,et al.Study on Ecosystem Service Values Based on Land Use Change—Taking Ning’an City As an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(02):302.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-04-01;改回日期:2015-04-17。
基金项目:东北农业大学博士启动资金“基于GIS的黑龙江省农业气候资源时空变异研究”（2012RCB67）
作者简介:杨凤海(1967-),男,黑龙江伊春人,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为土地资源管理、"3S"技术应用。E-mail:yfhneau@163.com