HU Weiwei.The Influence of Human Activities on the Runoff and Sediment Load Changes of Hanjiang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):157-160,165.
人类活动对韩江水沙径流变化的影响
- Title:
- The Influence of Human Activities on the Runoff and Sediment Load Changes of Hanjiang River
- 分类号:
- P349
- 摘要:
- 选取位于韩江中下游交界处的潮安水文站作为控制站，从径流量和输沙量两个方面，开展人类活动对韩江水沙径流变化的影响研究。利用潮安水文站1954—2012年系列年径流量、年输沙量以及其上游地区的年降水量数据，T检验结果表明，两个时段的年降水量和年径流量并没有发生统计上显著的变化，而两个时段的年输沙量发生了统计上显著的变化，然后采用双累积曲线法进行进一步分析。分析结果表明，20世纪60年代，由于梅河上游五华河水土流失严重，使得韩江输沙量和径流量均有所增加。而自2006开始，潮安站输沙量明显减少，总减沙量达到3 215.19万t，年均减沙量为459.32万t，主要原因是其上游韩江干流上大型的东山水利枢纽工程的兴建，其次是上游水土保持减沙和水库拦沙。本文可为韩江流域水利工程建设、生态环境保护和水资源合理利用提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- The Hanjiang River development has a long history, especially since the liberation, the intervention of human activities on the river was strong, but there are few researches on influence of human activity on Hanjiang River hydrological processes, runoff and sediment characteristics changes. Chaoan gauging station was selected as the control station, which is located at the junction of the upper and middle reaches of Hanjiang River. From two aspects of runoff and sediment, the study on the impact of human activities on the Hanjiang River runoff changes was carried out. The 1954—2012 year series of annual runoff and precipitation data from Chaoan gauging station and sediment load data from upstream region were adapted. T test results showed that the annual precipitation and runoff in the two periods statistically significantly unchanged, but statistically significant change in sediment discharge occurred in the two periods. The double mass curves of annual precipitation and runoff change in the turning point, as well as the double mass curves of annual precipitation and annual sediment load change in the turning point were used to analyze the impact of human activities on the Hanjiang River runoff and sediment load changes. The results showed that in the 1960s, due to the Wuhe River in the upstream of Meihe River having serious soil erosion, the annual runoff and sediment load of the Hanjiang River increased slightly; since 2009, possibly because of increasing water needs of industry and agriculture along the upstream of the river, there was a slight reduction in the Hanjiang runoff. But since 2006, Chaoan station sediment load significantly reduced. The total sediment reduction amounted to 3.215 19×107 t, the average annual sediment reduction is 4.593 2×106 t. This was mainly due to the construction of Dongshan large dam project on upstream of the Hanjiang River. Second reason is the reduction of sand, soil and water conservation and upstream reservoir storage. This paper aimed to draw attention to water conservancy project construction and provide a theoretical basis for scientific and rational water conservancy construction, environmental protection and rational use of water resources in the Hanjing River basin.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-03-02;改回日期:2015-04-10。
基金项目:潮州市科技发展计划项目“韩江下游地区水生态环境问题调查研究”（2012S15）；韩山师范学院一般理科项目“基于水生态功能分区的韩江河流健康状况研究”（LY201304）
作者简介:胡巍巍(1970-),男,安徽怀宁人,博士,副教授,研究方向为流域及河流生态系统。E-mail:hz_f97@126.com