WU Xiaoli,HE Longyun,YAO Jingjing,et al.The Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels on Soybean Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in New Farmland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):106-110,116.
施氮量对新增耕地肥料利用及大豆产量的影响
- Title:
- The Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels on Soybean Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in New Farmland
- Keywords:
- loess area; new farmland; different nitrogen levels; soybean yield; fertilizer use efficiency
- 分类号:
- S152
- 摘要:
- 在晋西黄土区新增耕地设置施加N0，N1，N2，N3，N4和N5六种不同氮水平氮肥的处理，比较分析不同施氮量对氮肥利用率、氮磷钾吸收累积、大豆生长发育和产量的影响，并通过回归拟合，确定最佳施氮量，结果表明：不同氮水平下，氮肥农学利用率、氮肥吸收利用率和氮肥偏生产力随施氮量的增加呈现下降的趋势，而各氮水平条件下氮肥生理利用率差异不大；施氮能够促进大豆植株各部位对氮、磷、钾的吸收利用，各处理之间大豆植株氮素累积量、磷素累积量和钾素累积量差异显著，且在N2水平下最高，但大豆植株氮、磷、钾累积量与施氮量相关性不显著；N2水平下大豆植株在出枝期、开花期和鼓粒期的株高、冠幅均最高，且大豆产量最高，达188.83 g/m2，比其他五种处理措施增产8.68%~141.32%，其增产效益最高，为0.562元/m2；晋西黄土区新增耕地的最佳施氮量为168~178 kg/hm2，对应理论产量为1 800~1 802 kg/hm2。
- Abstract:
- N0, N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5 six different levels of nitrogen were applied in the new farmland of loess hilly areas, the nitrogen use efficiency, absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by soybean and the effects on soybean growth and yield were compared and analyzed, and the optimum amount of nitrogen was determined through regression analysis. The results showed that under different nitrogen levels, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen uptake efficiency, and nitrogen partial factor productivity presented the downward trend with increase of nitrogen application level, but the difference of nitrogen physiological efficiency was not significant; applying nitrogen could promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by soybean, and all of the N accumulation, P accumulation and K accumulation of soybean plant were the highest under N2 level, and there was significant difference each other, but there was no significant correlation between different nitrogen and N accumulation, P accumulation and K accumulation of soybean plant; all of the height and crown of soybean plant in branch stage, flowering and filling periods were the highest under N2 level, at the same time, the yield of soybean under N2 level was the highest, which was 188.83 g/m2, and increased by 8.68%~141.32% compared the other five nitrogen levels, and there was the highest yield benefit, which was 0.562 yuan/m2; the optimum amount of nitrogen of new farmland in loess area was 168~178 kg/hm2, and corresponding output was 1 800~1 802 kg/hm2.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-03-29;改回日期:2015-04-10。
基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑课题“农田水土保持生物防护关键技术研究”（2011BAD31B02）
作者简介:武晓莉(1986-),女,河北省新河县人,博士研究生,主要研究方向:水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail:wuxiaoli0319@126.com
通讯作者:周泽福(1953-),男,山西省广灵县人,博士,研究员,研究方向:水土保持。E-mail:zhouzf@caf.ac.cn