ZHANG Jun,FAN Xingke.Relationship Between Soil Water and Tomato Roots During Blossom Period in Greenhouse[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):34-38.
温室番茄开花结果期根系与土壤水分变化关系
- Title:
- Relationship Between Soil Water and Tomato Roots During Blossom Period in Greenhouse
- Keywords:
- tomato; root layer; blossom period; soil moisture
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 对番茄开花结果期初、中、后期三个阶段根系变化进行数量统计及长度测定，研究了番茄开花结果期不同生长阶段根系生长分布规律。同时对番茄根系层空间不同位置土壤含水率进行测定，分析了根系生长发育与对应区域土壤含水率变化规律和关系，从而为温室番茄种植提供指导。结果表明：开花结果初期到后期，随着时间推移，总根数及最长根长度均有明显增加。番茄主要根系长度从0~5 cm生长为5~15 cm。开花结果期初期根系在水平及垂直方向伸长生长均较明显，开花结果期后期根系以垂直生长为主，水平方向生长相对减弱。土壤含水率的变化与主根系分布表现为较高的一致性，在整个开花结果期，土壤含水率的主要变化区域为径向0—20 cm，纵向0—30 cm，并表现为距植株水平距离越大，变幅越小。随土层深度增加，根系层含水率变幅递减的规律。由此得出番茄开花结果期的土壤水分敏感区域为径向距植株0—20 cm，纵向地表以下5—30 cm深度土层，距植株水平距离5 cm处10—20 cm土层土壤含水率可作为指导开花结果期番茄灌溉的指标。
- Abstract:
- We have conducted research on the amount as well as the length of tomato roots at different stages of blossom period so as to study its growth and distribution patterns at different growing stages. Meanwhile measurements of different points in tomato root system in soil layer were also conducted. We have analyzed transformation rules in both horizontal and vertical directions, so as to provide guidance to future tomato planting in greenhouses. Results have shown that the length of majority tomato roots grew from less than 5 cm to 5~15 cm from beginning to the end during blossom period. With time passing by, the amount of tomato roots and the length of the longest root increased significantly. The longer the distance is to the plant, the fewer the fluctuation range of soil moisture is. With the increase of soil depth, the fluctuation range of soil moisture decreased. The soil moisture fluctuated significantly in 30 centimeters underground, however in soil layers under 30 cm underground, the fluctuation was not obvious. At the beginning of blossom period, tomato roots grew apparently in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the end of blossom period, root growth in vertical direction took a dominant role and growth in horizontal direction became relatively slower. The sensitive area of soil moisture during blossom period was 5—30 cm underground in vertical direction and 0—20 cm to the plant in diameter direction. Soil moisture in 10—20 cm soil layer and 5 cm from the plant in horizontal direction can be used to guide irrigation of tomato plant in blossom period.
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相似文献/References:
[1]聂斌,李文刚,江丽华,等.不同灌溉方式对设施番茄土壤剖面硝态氮分布及灌溉水分效率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):102.
NIE Bin,LI Wen-gang,JIANG Li-hua,et al.Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Nitrate Nitrogen Distribution in Soil Profile and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency of Tomato in Greenhouse[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):102.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-04-30;改回日期:2015-11-30。
基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划（“863”计划）项目“作物需水信息采集与智能控制灌溉技术”（2011AA100509）
作者简介:张军(1992-),女,山西吕梁人,在读硕士,主要从事节水灌溉新技术研究。E-mail:1992zhangjun.love@163.com
通讯作者:范兴科(1964-),男,陕西岐山人,研究员,主要从事节水灌溉新技术和灌溉产品开发。E-mail:gjzfxk@vip.sina.com