WANG Yong,ZHANG Jianhui,ZHANG Zehong,et al.Impacts of Long-Term Upslope Tillage Systems on Soil Water-Stable Aggregates on a Steep Hillslope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(01):44-49.
长期向上耕作对坡耕地土壤水稳定性团聚体的影响
- Title:
- Impacts of Long-Term Upslope Tillage Systems on Soil Water-Stable Aggregates on a Steep Hillslope
- Keywords:
- upslope tillage; soil redistribution; aggregate stability; percentage of aggregate destruction
- 分类号:
- S152.4
- 摘要:
- 为了研究耕作侵蚀对坡耕地不同景观位置内土壤结构稳定性的影响。以常规顺坡向下耕作和长期向上耕作的坡耕地为研究对象，通过对土壤水稳定性团聚体、有机碳含量等指标的测定，分析了不同耕作方式引起土壤不同分布模式对水稳性团聚体特征空间变异性的影响。结果表明：长期向上耕作平均质量直径值（MWD）在不同景观位置均高于常规向下耕作。在坡耕地1 m和20 m位置，向上耕作MWD比向下耕作分别显著（p < 0.05）增加了31.94%，23.54%，在5，10，15 m位置分别增加了0.87%，2.99%，3.03%。几何平均直径值（GMD）和 > 0.25 mm水稳性团聚体（WSA0.25）的变化趋势与MWD类似。两种不同耕作方式引起土壤结构特征显著变化主要发生在坡顶和坡底位置，而中坡仅仅起类似于传送带的作用传输来自上坡（向下耕作）或下坡（向上耕作）的土壤。向上耕作比向下耕作的团聚体破坏率（PAD）值降低了25.29%，表明向上耕作显著减少了对大团聚体（> 0.25 mm）的破坏程度。结果显示长期向上耕作显著减少了耕作侵蚀，增加了土壤结构稳定性。
- Abstract:
- To enlarge our knowledge about the effects of tillage erosion on soil structure stability in different landscape positions for the hillslopes， traditional tillage and long-term upslope tillage were investigated by measuring and analyzing the characters of soil water-stable aggregates and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents to examine the impacts of soil redistribution by tillage (upslope and downslope tillage) on soil water-stable aggregate properties. The results showed that the mean weight diameter (MWD) value was lager by upslope tillage than downslope tillage at each slope position. After upslope tillage, significant increases (p < 0.05) of MWD by 31.94% and 23.54% occurred at the 1 m and 20 m slope positions, but there were slight increases by 0.87%，2.99%, and 3.03% at 5 m, 10 m, and 15 m slope positions, respectively, compared with downslope tillage. The results indicated that apparent changes in soil structural properties occurred close to the upslope and downslope boundaries of the field and the middle slope acted as a conveyor belt. Percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) remarkably decreased by 25.29% after upslope tillage, implying that upslope tillage notably reduced in breakage of large aggregates (> 0.25 mm). This finding demonstrated that upslope tillage significantly decreased tillage erosion, and increased soil aggregate stability.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-10-09;改回日期:2014-11-04。
基金项目:国家自然科学资助项目（41271242）；中国科学院成都山地所“一三五”方向性项目（SDS-135-1206）
作者简介:王勇(1985-),男,陕西安康人,博士研究生,工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:wysoil@126.com