[1]冯伟,叶菁.踩踏干扰下生物结皮的水分入渗与水土保持效应[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):34-37,43.
　FENG Wei,YE Jing.Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Infiltration and Soil and Water Conservation Under Trample Disturbance[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(01):34-37,43.
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踩踏干扰下生物结皮的水分入渗与水土保持效应

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 23 期数: 2016年01期 页码: 34-37,43 栏目: 出版日期: 2016-02-28
Title:
Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Infiltration and Soil and Water Conservation Under Trample Disturbance
作者:
冯伟1, 叶菁2
1. 水利部 水土保持监测中心, 北京 100055;
2. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
FENG Wei1, YE Jing2
1. Monitoring Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100055, China;
2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
生物结皮; 踩踏; 入渗; 径流泥沙
Keywords:
biological soil crusts; trample; infiltration; runoff and sediment
分类号:
S157.1;S152.7
摘要:
为改善生物结皮对土壤水分的负面影响，通过野外定位观测试验，从入渗、产流产沙两方面探讨了黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区生物结皮在3种踩踏强度下的水土保持效应。结果表明：（1）相比裸土，未被踩踏的生物结皮对水分入渗、地表径流的表现形式并非单一的增加或降低，在雨季初期增渗减流，初期过后减渗增流；（2）不同踩踏强度对水分入渗、地表径流的影响存在明显差异。同裸地对照相比，轻度踩踏结皮增渗12%，减流23.2%，中度踩踏结皮减渗3.6%，减流5.3%，重度踩踏结皮减渗25.5%，增流21.3%；（3）不论是否被踩踏，生物结皮产生的泥沙量都显著低于裸土。同裸土产生的泥沙量相比，轻度踩踏减少56.3%，中度踩踏减少43.5%，重度踩踏减少37.9%，但中度、重度踩踏结皮改变了原先土壤侵蚀格局，增加了泥沙含量。综合考虑入渗和土壤侵蚀认为：轻度踩踏生物结皮可在不增加土壤侵蚀的前提下，促进入渗，减少径流，改善土壤水分状况。
Abstract:
In order to improve soil moisture condition, we examined the effect of soil and water conservation of biological soil crusts (BSCs) under 3 trampling intensities widespread in the wind-water erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau through two aspects which were rainfall infiltration-runoff and sediment based on the field observation. The results are as follows： (1) The performance of infiltration-runoff of BSCs without trampling did not only increase or reduce compared with the control. BSCs increased infiltration and reduced runoff in the initial period of rainy season, but conversely in the later period. (2) The effects of trampling intensities on infiltration-runoff had significant differences. Compared to the control, mild trampling BSCs increased infiltration by 12% and reduced runoff by 23.2%, moderate trampling BSCs reduced runoff by 5.3% and infiltration by 3.6%, severe trampling BSCs reduced infiltration by 25.5%and increased runoff by 21.3%. (3) Whether being trampled or not, BSCs significantly decreased sediment content compared with bare soil. The mild decreased by 56.3%, the moderate decreased by 43.5% and the severe decreased by 37.9%, but the latter two were significant higher than untrampled BSCs. Considering the infiltration and soil erosion, BSCs with mild trampling could promote infiltration, reduce runoff and improve soil moisture conditions in the premise of causing insignificant soil erosion.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2015-01-07;改回日期:2015-03-09。
基金项目:国家自然科学资助项目（41071192，40701096）；西北农林科技大学科研专项（2014YQ006）
作者简介:冯伟(1977-),男,浙江嘉兴人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持管理。E-mail:fengwei@mwr.gov.cn
通讯作者:叶菁(1989-),女,江西赣州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物土壤结皮。E-mail:yejing3306@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01