LI Dong,WEI Xia,LI Xungui,et al.Sensitivity Evaluation of Freeze-Thaw Erosion in Gansu Province Based on RS and GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(02):1-6.
基于RS和GIS的甘肃省冻融侵蚀敏感性评价
- Title:
- Sensitivity Evaluation of Freeze-Thaw Erosion in Gansu Province Based on RS and GIS
- Keywords:
- GIS; RS; freeze-thaw erosion; sensitivity evaluation; Gansu Province
- 分类号:
- S157
- 摘要:
- 作为三大侵蚀类型之一的冻融侵蚀在高原地区作用明显，在破坏土壤性质威胁工程安全的同时，阻碍着区域经济社会的发展，但由于起步较晚相关研究很少。为了充实对冻融侵蚀强度与分布规律的研究，以甘肃省为研究对象，选取气温年较差（℃）、冻结期平均最低温度（℃）、解冻期平均降雨量（mm）、坡度、植被覆盖度（%）和年降水量（mm）作为冻融侵蚀影响因子分级评价指标，在RS和GIS技术支持下，采用综合评价指数与相对分级评价的方法，对研究区内的冻融侵蚀进行了侵蚀强度分级评价，同时利用多年实测气象数据对气温年较差进行多元线性回归分析，得出了更适用于甘肃地区的经验回归方程，并在此基础上完成了对甘肃地区冻融侵蚀区边界的界定和冻融侵蚀强度分布图，加深了对甘肃地区冻融侵蚀现状的认识。结果表明：甘肃地区冻融侵蚀敏感区主要集中在北部东南方向和南部的西南角，分别分布在酒泉东南部、嘉峪关、张掖西南部和甘南西部地区，全省冻融侵蚀面积为3.88万km2，占全省总面积的8.6%，省内冻融侵蚀下界海拔3 300～4 400 m，冻融侵蚀强度总体上从西南向东北逐步减弱。
- Abstract:
- Freeze-thaw erosion is one of the three largest erosion types in plateau area, which destroys the soil properties and threatens the security of a project, at the same time, hinders the regional economic and social development, but research object on this type of erosion was rarely launched. In order to enrich the study on freeze-thaw erosion intensity and distribution, Gansu Province was taken as the case, the annual range of temperature, slope, vegetation coverage, annual precipitation and freezing and thawing period average rainfall period average minimum temperature were selected as the freeze-thaw erosion factors on evaluation indexes. With the support of RS and GIS technology, freeze-thaw erosion was evaluated by freeze-thaw erosion intensity classification in the region by using the method of comprehensive evaluation index and relative evaluation, multivariate linear regression analysis on the annual temperature range was carried out according to the measured meteorological data for many years, a regression equation more suitable for Gansu area was obtained. Definition of freeze-thaw boundary and freeze-thaw erosion intensity distribution map of Gansu were made, deepening the understanding of the area of freezing and thawing in Gansu Province, and the understanding of the erosion status. The results show that GIS and RS can rapidly provide technical support, and the sensitive areas of freeze-thaw erosion in Gansu Province mainly concentrate in the southeast of the northern direction, locate in the southeast of Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, southwest of Zhangye and the western region of Gannan, the freeze-thaw erosion area of Gansu Province is 38 800 km2, accounting for 8.6% of the total area, frozen thawing erosion occurs in the areas with the least altitude between 3 300～4 400 m, freeze-thaw erosion intensity generally weakens from the southwest to the northeast.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-03-10;改回日期:2014-06-24。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41001154，51109103）；中国博士后科学资助项目（20110490862）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（lzujbky-2012-139，lzujbky-2014-126）
作者简介:李东(1985-),男,辽宁辽阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤侵蚀。E-mail:1017557759@qq.com
通讯作者:魏霞(1980-),女,陕西扶风人,博士后,副教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持、水文学及水资源等方面的研究。E-mail:weix@lzu.edu.cn