JIANG Ling,XIAO Yi,OUYANG Zhiyun,et al.Estimate of the Wind Erosion Modules in Qinghai Province Based on RWEQ Model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):21-25,32.
基于RWEQ模型的青海省土壤风蚀模数估算
- Title:
- Estimate of the Wind Erosion Modules in Qinghai Province Based on RWEQ Model
- Keywords:
- wind erosion; GIS; RWEQ model
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 摘要:
- 土壤风蚀是许多国家和地区的主要环境问题之一，定量分析是风蚀研究的热点和难点。本研究基于修正风蚀模型（RWEQ），运用遥感和地理信息技术对青海省年均风蚀模数进行了估算。结果表明：青海省风蚀发生总面积为3 870万hm2，占全省面积的53.6%，年均风蚀总量约17.8亿t，平均风蚀模数为45.99 t/（hm2·a）。青海省风蚀等级在大部分地区以轻度风蚀为主，整体风蚀危害不大，但在中度以上风蚀等级较为集中的柴达木盆地则风蚀危害相对严重。模型估算结果与137Cs推算结果具有较高的拟合性（R2=0.912），表明RWEQ模型在国内区域尺度运用上具有一定可行性。
- Abstract:
- Wind erosion is one of the main environment problems in many countries and regions, and quantitative analysis is a hotspot of wind erosion research. With tools of remote and GIS, the RWEQ model was used to simulate the wind erosion modules in Qinghai Province of China. The result showed that the area of about 38.70 million hm2 suffered from wind erosion, accounting for 53.6% of Qinghai land area of Qinghai, the amount of soil loss caused by wind erosion was 1.78 billion tons, and average wind erosion module was 45.99 t/(hm2·a). Light wind erosion is the main intensity in most parts of Qinghai, and harm caused by wind erosion in most regions is light, but serious in Qaidam Basin where more higher intensity mainly distributes than the moderate one. The comparison between RWEQ simulation and 137Cs tracing showed high fit (R2=0.912), indicating the application of RWEQ to regional scale in China was feasible.
参考文献/References:
[1] Bagnold R A. The physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes[M]. London:Methuen and Co.,1941.
[2] Chepil W S, Milne R A. Comparative study of soil drifting in the field and in a wind tunnel[J]. Sci.Agr.,1939,19:249-257.
[3] Chepil W S. Measurement of wind erosiveness of soils by the dry sieving procedure[J]. Scientific Agriculture,1942,23(3):154-160.
[4] Chepil W S. Factors that influence clod structure and erodibility of soil by wind.Ⅰ:Soil texture[J]. Soil Science,1953,75(6):473-483.
[5] Chepil W S. Factors that influence clod structure and erodibility of soil by wind.Ⅱ:Water-stable structure[J]. Soil Science,1953,76(5):389-399.
[6] Chepil W S. Factors that influence clod structure and erodibility of soil by wind. Ⅲ:Calcium carbonate and decomposedorganic matter[J]. Soil Science,1954,77(6):473-480.
[7] Chepil W S. Influence of moisture on erodibility of soil by wind[J]. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings,1956,20(2):288-292.
[8] 雅库布夫.土壤风蚀及其防治[M].北京:农业出版社,1955.
[9] Woodruff N P, Siddoway F H. A wind erosion equation[J]. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings,1965,29(5):602-608.
[10] Woodruff N P, Armburst D V. A monthly climatic factor for the wind erosion equation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1968,23(3):103-104.
[11] Fryrear D W, Saleh A, Bilbro J D, et al. Field Fested Wind Erosion Mode[R]. Maragraft Verlag, Weikersheim, Germany:In Proc. of International Symposium Wind Erosion in West Africa:The Problem and Its Control,1994.
[12] Pasak V. Wind erosion on soils[M]. VUM Zbraslaav,Scientific Monographs.1973.
[13] Gregory J M, Borrelli J. TEAM:Texas erosion analysis model[C]//In proceedings of 1988 wind erosion conference. Texas Tech.Uinversity, Lubbock,1988:88-103.
[14] Shao Y P, Raupach M R, Leys J F. A model for prediction Aeolian sand drift and dust entrainment on scales form paddock to region[J]. Australia Journal of Soil Research,1996,34:309-421.
[15] 董治宝.建立小流域风蚀量统计模型初探[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(5):55-62.
[16] Hagen L J. A wind erosion prediction system to meet the user need[J]. J.Soil Water Conserv.,1991,46(2):107-111.
[17] 王怡,李振山,陈悠.半干旱区植被风沙动力过程耦合研究:Ⅱ.模拟[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(1):31-38.
[18] Zobeck T M, Parker N C, Haskell S. Scaling up from field to region for wind erosion prediction using a field-scale wind erosion model and GIS[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2000,82:247-259.
[19] Van Pelt R S, Zobeck T M, Potter K N, et al. Validation of the wind erosion stochastic simulator(WESS)and the revised wind erosion equation(RWEQ)for single events[J]. Environmental Modelling & Software,2004,19:191-198.
[20] Feras Youssef, Saskia Visser, Derek Karssenberg, et al. Calibration of RWEQ in a patchy landscape;a first step towards a regional scale wind erosion model[J]. Aeolian Research,2012,3(4):467-476.
[21] 张国平,刘纪远,张增祥,等.中国风蚀景观面积变化与地表风场强度的关系[J].地理学报,2002,57(1):1-10.
[22] 朱耀东.免耕条件下前茬作物对残茬盖度的影响[J].水土保持应用技术,2007(3):21-22.
[23] 殷海军.RWEQ模型的改进及其在中国风沙区的应用研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2007.
[24] 张忠孝.青海地理[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2009.
[25] 田夏青,靳雅丽.青海省风力侵蚀遥感调查与数据库更新[J].水利水电工程设计,2002,21(2):51-52.
[26] 张登山,高尚玉.青海高原沙漠化研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(3):367-372.
[27] 张学元.青海高寒地区沙化土地治理途径的研究[J].中南林业调查规划,2006,25(3):11-14.
[28] 尚润阳,祁有祥,赵廷宁,等.植被对风及土壤风蚀影响的野外观测研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(4):37-39.
[29] 李军,游松财.基于GIS的中国陆地表面粗糙度长度的空间分布[J].上海交通大学学报,2006,24(2):185-189.
[30] Shangguan Wei, Dai Yongjiu, Liu Baoyuan, et al. A China Dataset of Soil Properties for Land Surface Modeling[J]. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,2013,5(2):212-224.
[31] 李秀霞,倪晋仁.土壤侵蚀及其影响因素空间相关性分析[J].地理科学进展,2009,28(2) 161-166.
[32] 张登山,高尚玉,石蒙沂,等.青海高原土地沙漠化及其防治[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
相似文献/References:
[1]余慧容,蒲春玲,刘志有,等.基于TM/ETM+绿洲城市土地利用时空演变分析——以新疆奎屯市为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):147.
YU Hui-rong,PU Chun-ling,LIU Zhi-you,et al.Analysis on Spatial-temporal Land-use Changes of Oasis City-A Case Study of Kuytun City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):147.
[2]刘建,何宗,张治清.基于GIS的蒲江县生态环境综合评价研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):130.
LIU Jian,HE Zong,ZHANG Zhi-qing.The Research of Comprehensive Evaluation of the Ecological Environment Based on GIS in Pujiang County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):130.
[3]朱志玲,吴咏梅,张敏.基于GIS的宁夏生态环境敏感性综合评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):101.
ZHU Zhi-ling,WU Yong-mei,ZHANG Min.Comprehensive Evaluation on Eco-environment Sensibility of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):101.
[4]陈昊,吴攀,刘沛,等.麻窝山小流域石漠化景观格局变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):239.
CHEN Hao,WU Pan,LIU Pei,et al.Landscape Patterns of Rocky Desertification in the Mawoshan Karst Basin of Northwest Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):239.
[5]胡桂胜,陈宁生,邓虎.基于GIS的西藏林芝地区泥石流易发与危险区分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):195.
HU Gui-sheng,CHEN Ning-sheng,DENG Hu.Analysis of Debris Flow-prone and Dangerous Area in Nyingchi of Tibet Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):195.
[6]成杰民,宋涛,李彦.基于GIS的南四湖沿岸农业面源氮磷负荷估算研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):284.
CHENG Jie-min,SONG Tao,LI Yan.Estimation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loading of Agricultural Non-point Sources along Nansi Lake Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):284.
[7]何清,胡文峰,杨兴华,等.拐子湖地区沙尘天气风蚀起沙量的估算[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):6.
HE Qing,HU Wen-feng,YANG Xing-hua,et al.Estimation of Dust Generation by Wind Erosion in Guaizihu Lake[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):6.
[8]田媛,许月卿,吴艳芳.环京津冀北贫困带土地利用/覆被变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):82.
TIAN Yuan,XU Yue-qing,WU Yan-fang.Study on Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Northern Poverty Belt of Hebei Province around Beijing and Tianjin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):82.
[9]陈文福,郑新兴.雷达遥测应用于台湾水利防灾可行性之探讨[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(03):106.
Wen-Fu Chen,Sin-Hing Cheng.Feasibility of Application of Radar Remote Sensing on Flood Disaster Provention in Taiwan[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1999,6(01):106.
[10]符素华,张卫国,刘宝元,等.北京山区小流域土壤侵蚀模型[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):114.
FU Su-hua,ZHANG Wei-guo,LIU Bao-yuan,et al.Beijing Mountain Area Soil Erosion Model[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(01):114.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-03-31;改回日期:2014-05-09。
基金项目:全国生态环境十年变化遥感调查与评估（STSN-04-01）
作者简介:江凌(1976-),男,博士研究生,主要从事生态评价与规划方面的研究。E-mail:jiangling21@sohu.com
通讯作者:肖燚(1972-),女,博士,副研究员,主要从事生态评价与地理信息系统开发方面的研究。E-mail:xiaoyi@rcees.ac.cn