HUO Zhang-li,ZHU Guang-long,ZHANG Jiang-ting,et al.Remediation Function of Simulated Artificial Wetland Plants to Water Eutrophication[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(05):267-271.
模拟人工湿地植物对富营养化水体的修复研究
- Title:
- Remediation Function of Simulated Artificial Wetland Plants to Water Eutrophication
- Keywords:
- constructed wetlands; eutrophication; hygrophyte; uptake efficiency
- 分类号:
- X52
- 摘要:
- 以河砂为基质构建人工湿地，通过人工配制不同浓度的富营养化水体，用无植被、填充相同基质的空白人工湿地（CK）做对照，研究湿生植物芦苇（Phragmites australis）、藨草（Scirpus triqueter）、薄荷（Mentha haplocalyx）和水芹 （Oenanthe javanica）对水体中总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、氨氮（NH4+-N）及化学需氧量（COD）的去除效率。结果表明：四种植物对不同浓度富营养化水体的净化效果都显著优于CK（P < 0.01）。（1）对TP的去除：轻度处理下芦苇的吸收率最高为89.30%；中度处理下去除效果最好的是藨草为74.96%；重度处理中四种植物差异不显著。（2）对TN的去除：在轻、中度处理下，去除效果最好的是芦苇，吸收率分别为86.76%和73.27%；重度处理下藨草吸收效果最好为51.80%。（3）对NH4+-N的去除：轻度处理下各植物间无明显差异；而在中度处理下去除效果最好的是薄荷吸收率为81.96%；重度处理下，水芹的去除率最高为58.30%。（4）对COD的去除：各处理中均以藨草最好，低浓度处理下去除率为77.57%；中度处理下为74.42%；重度下为62.89%。试验表明在选择人工湿地净化污水时，可优先考虑芦苇和藨草。
- Abstract:
- Four types of hygrophyte including Phragmites australis, Scirpus triqueter, Mentha haplocalyx and Oenanthe javanica were planted in simulated artificial wetland that was constructed with river sand and eutrophic water to study the removal efficiency of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N) and chemical oxygen demand(COD) in the water. Result showed that four kinds of plants had significant purifying effect to different concentration of eutrophic water than CK(P < 0.01). With respect to TP uptake, the highest uptake efficiency was 89.30% by Phragmites australis under mild treatment; but under moderate treatment, Scirpus triqueter had the highest uptake efficiency that was 74.96%; there was no significant difference uptake TP under severe treatment among all of the plants. With respect to TN uptake, under mild and moderate treatment, the Phragmites australis had the highest removal efficiency, which was 86.76% and 73.27% respectively. However, the highest uptake efficiency was 51.80% by Scirpus triqueter under severe treatment. With respect to NH4+-N uptake, there was no significant difference to uptake NH4+-N under mild treatment among all of the plants, whereas the highest uptake efficiency was Mentha haplocalyx under moderate treatment, and 58.30% by Oenanthe javanica under severe treatment. With respect to COD uptake, the Scirpus triqueter had the highest uptake efficiency in all treatments, the uptake efficiency was 77.57%,74.42% and 62.89% under mild, moderate, and severe treatment, respectively. So this study suggests that Phragmites australis and Scirpus triqueter are superior to sewage treatment in the constructed wetland.
参考文献/References:
[1] 黄聪,冯宝平,张展羽.基于生态足迹的生态清洁小流域评价研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2011(6):40-43.
[2] 杨胜敏,杨林林.北京市生态清洁小流域治污技术探讨[J].中国水土保持,2011(4):60-61.
[3] 杨俊鹏,王铁良,范昊明,等.河流生态修复研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(6):299-304.
[4] 张秋蕾.环境保护部发布《2012中国环境状况公报》[N].中国环境报,2013-06-05(1).
[5] 吴树彪,董仁杰,翟旭,等.组合家庭人工湿地系统处理北方农村生活污水[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(11):282-287.
[6] 林文周,李莹莹.人工湿地在水体富营养化治理中的应用[J].市政技术,2012,30(4):98-99.
[7] 郜莹.哈尔滨市人工湿地植物净污能力研究[D].哈尔滨:黑龙江大学,2012.
[8] 常会庆,王世华,徐晓峰,等.两种水生植物对重富营养化水体修复效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(5):262-265.
[9] 国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB3838-2002地表水环境质量标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[10] 国家环境保护总局,水和废水监测分析方法-编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[11] 李晓东,孙铁珩,李海波,等.人工湿地除磷研究进展[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):1226-1231.
[12] 翟旭,邱凌,吴树彪,等.人工湿地植物氧传输作用与研究进展[J].农机化研究,2010(8):204-207.
[13] 袁东海,高士祥,任全进.几种挺水植物净化生活污水总氮和总磷效果的研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(4):77-80.
[14] 凌祯,杨具瑞,于国荣.污水浓度对高原湖泊人工湿地处理率的影响研究[J].水力发电学报,2012,31(5):133-140.
相似文献/References:
[1]李爽,张祖陆,孙媛媛.不同地表覆被下南四湖表层底泥营养元素分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):185.
LI Shuang,ZHANG Zu-lu,SUN Yuan-yuan.Distribution Characteristics of Nutrient Elements of Surface Sediments from Different Land Uses in Nansihu Lake, China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):185.
[2]税永红,魏玉君,张雷员,等.活水公园复合人工湿地春夏净化效果对比研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):230.
SHUI Yong-hong,WEI Yu-jun,ZHANG Lei-yuan,et al.Comparison Study on Purification of Integrated Constructed Wetland in Living-water Garden between Spring and Summer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):230.
[3]丁兆运.岩马水库富营养化机制及防治的生态对策[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):290.
DING Zhao-yun.The Eutrophication Mechanism and Ecological Countermeasures of Yanma Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(05):290.
[4]石岩,万新南.人工湿地系统在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):138.
SHI Yan,WAN Xin-nan.Application of Constructed Wetland to Landfill Leachate Treatment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(05):138.
[5]戴群英,赵冰华,李雅萍,等.水库富营养化问题及相应对策[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(06):95.
DAI Qun-ying,ZHAO Bing-hua,LI Ya-ping,et al.The Problem of Eutrophied Reservoirs and Relevant Countermeasure[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(05):95.
[6]冯太国,万新南.富营养化对湖泊的危害及修复技术探讨[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(02):145.
FENG Tai-guo,WAN Xin-nan.The Harms of Eutrophication and Analysis of Restoration Method to Lake[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):145.
[7]王化可,陈发扬,时伟.芜湖市镜湖水体富营养化特征分析及生态修复探讨[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):271.
WANG Hua-ke,CHEN Fa-yang,SHI Wei.The Eutrophication Characteristic Analysis and the Control Countermeasure of Jinghu Lake in Wuhu[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):271.
[8]宋键,金秉福,张云吉.烟台门楼水库氮磷营养盐的分布及其成因分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):321.
SONG Jian,JIN Bing-fu,ZHANG Yun-ji.Distribution of Nitrogen and Phosphorous Concentration and Causal Analysis in Menlou Reservor,Yantai[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):321.
[9]杨瑞坤,宓永宁,胡志民,等.因子分析法在汤河水库富营养化研究中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):324.
YANG Rui-kun,MI Yong-ning,HU Zhi-min,et al.Application of Factor Analysis Method to the Eutrophication Study of Tanghe Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):324.
[10]黎明,刘德启,沈颂东,等.国内富营养化湖泊生态修复技术研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(05):374.
LI Ming,LIU De-qi,SHEN Song-dong,et al.The Researching Process of Ecological Restoration of Eutrophication Lake in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):374.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-12-01;改回日期:2014-01-13。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“酸枣对极端干旱气候响应机理研究”（30972396）
作者简介:霍张丽(1986-),女,山西运城人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事植物学研究。E-mail:huozhangli@163.com
通讯作者:魏学智(1956-),男,山西临汾人,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事植物学研究。E-mail:wxz3288@163.com