LI Jia,YANG Tai-bao,HE Yi,et al.Response of Glacier Retreat to Climate in Eastern Tianshan from 1990 to 2011[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):212-216.
1990-2011年天山东部冰川退缩对气候的响应
- Title:
- Response of Glacier Retreat to Climate in Eastern Tianshan from 1990 to 2011
- Keywords:
- eastern Tianshan; RS and GIS; glacier change
- 分类号:
- P343.6
- 摘要:
- 近年来全球气候变暖，我国山地冰川发生剧烈变化。针对天山东部地区冰川变化对天山山脉乃至我国西部地区冰川变化具有明显指示作用，利用1990年、2001年和2011年三个时段Landsat TM、ETM+遥感影像数据，运用比值阈值法结合目视解译分别提取了博格达山脉、巴里坤山脉和哈尔里克山脉的冰川边界，并在GIS技术支持下分析了该区冰川变化情况。研究表明：天山东部地区冰川面积整体退缩幅度较大，近21 a间冰川总体退缩了26.80%，其中博格达山脉、巴里坤山脉、哈尔里克山脉分别退缩33.58%，25.67%，16.08%。该地区冰川主要分布在西北、北和东北三个坡向，但东坡的冰川退缩速率最大为30.68%，研究区冰川面积主要分布在海拔为3 600~4 600 m处，而在3 300~3 400 m处的冰川退缩最快。研究认为气温上升、降水量小幅度上升甚至下降是引起天山东部地区冰川退缩的主要原因。此外，地形条件也是影响冰川退缩的重要因素。
- Abstract:
- In the background of warming in recent decades, mountain glaciers in China had also changed dramatically. Glacier changes in the eastern part of Tianshan have obvious indication to glacier changes on the Tianshan Mountains and the China’s western region. The Bogurda, Balikun and Hal Rick mountains were selected as the regions to search a method for delineating glacier extent by Landsat TM,ETM+ images of 1990, 2001 and 2011. The changes of glaciers were analyzed under the support of the geographic information system technology. The results indicate that glacier whole range is larger in eastern Tianshan. The total areas have reduced by 26.80% in the past 21 years. However, Bogurda, Balikun, Hal Rick mountains have retreated 33.58%, 25.67%, 16.08%, respectively. The glaciers mainly distributed in the northwestern slope, northern slope and northeastern slope, but retreat rate of eastern slope was the largest, reaching to 30.68%. Glaciers in the study area mainly distributed at the altitude of 3 600~4 600 m, glacier retreat in the 3 300~3 400 m was the fastest. The results from the studies show that rising temperatures and fluctuation rainfall are the main causes of glacier retreat in eastern Tianshan. In addition, topographic condition is a key factor for glacier changes as well.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-09-10;改回日期:2013-10-21。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“黄河上游晚更新世河流阶地和冰川演化对千年尺度气候变化的响应”（41271024）
作者简介:李佳(1987-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士,主要研究基于GIS和RS的冰川变化。E-mail:lj87.happy@163.com
通讯作者:杨太保(1962-),男,山西平陆人,博士,教授/博导,主要从事自然地理环境变化研究。E-mail:yangtb@lzu.edu.cn