[1]张孝中,王莎,申楠,等.黄河班多水电站工程区荒草地坡面水流含沙量变化过程试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):72-75,81.
　ZHANG Xiao-zhong,WANG Sha,SHEN Nan,et al.Experimental Study on Variations of Sediment Concentration in Water Flow on Waste Grassland in Banduo Hydropower Station Construction Area of Yellow River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):72-75,81.
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黄河班多水电站工程区荒草地坡面水流含沙量变化过程试验研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 21 期数: 2014年02期 页码: 72-75,81 栏目: 出版日期: 2014-04-28
Title:
Experimental Study on Variations of Sediment Concentration in Water Flow on Waste Grassland in Banduo Hydropower Station Construction Area of Yellow River
作者:
张孝中1, 王莎2,3, 申楠2,3, 马春艳2,3
1. 陕西省水土保持勘测规划研究所, 西安 710004;
2. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
ZHANG Xiao-zhong1, WANG Sha2,3, SHEN Nan2,3, MA Chun-yan2,3
1. Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Survey and Planning, Xi’an 710004, China;
2. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
黄河; 班多水电站; 工程区; 荒草地; 含沙量
Keywords:
Yellow River; Banduo hydropower station; construction area; waste grassland; sediment concentration
分类号:
S157
摘要:
荒草地是黄河班多水电站工程区最主要的原生地面类型， 阐明其产流产沙的水流含沙过程可为该工程区水土流失定量评价提供重要依据。采用野外人工放水冲刷试验方法，研究了黄河班多水电站工程区荒草地坡面水流含沙量变化过程。结果表明：坡面水流含沙量随时间的变化，不同供水流量下整体减小，最后趋于稳定变化的趋势，可用幂函数方程很好的描述；不同坡度下也整体呈减小的趋势，15 min后趋于平缓稳定变化的状态，各坡度下变化趋势大体一致，也可用幂函数方程很好的描述，与不同供水流量下的主要差异在于产流后5 min内含沙量递减速率大于不同供水流量下的，其后递减速率小于不同供水流量下的；平均含沙量随供水流量的变化可用抛物线相关方程来描述，发生变化的临界供水流量值为7.388 5 L/min，随坡度的增大而增大，可用指数方程很好的描述，随坡度及供水流量的变化可用二元线性方程很好的描述。
Abstract:
Waste grassland is the main primary land type in the construction area of Banduo hydropower station of the Yellow River. Elucidating variations of sediment concentrations in water flow in the processes of runoff and sediment yield may provide an important basis for the quantitative evaluation of soil and water loss in the area. The variations of sediment concentrations over waste grassland were studied by a field scouring experiment conducted in the construction area of Banduo hydropower station of the Yellow River. Results showed that in the case of different added discharges, sediment concentration varies with added water discharge and manifests a trend of the overall decrease and eventual steady sate, which can be well described by using a power equation. At different slope degrees, sediment concentration also shows an overall decreasing trend and finally approaches to a steady state in 15 min after water is added. The variations of different slope degrees are basically consistent and can be also well described by using a power equation. Comparatively, a major difference is that the decreased rate of sediment concentration in the case of different slope degrees is greater that in the case of different discharges 5 min after runoff generated and later on, less than that in the case of different discharges. The variation of the average sediment concentration with added discharge can be well described by using a parabolic equation and the critical discharge for an abrupt change is found to be 7.388 5 L/min. The average sediment concentration increases rapidly with rise of slope degree, which can be well described by an exponential equation. The variation of the average sediment concentration with slope degree and added discharge can be well described by using a dual power equation.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2012-06-28;改回日期:2013-07-24。
作者简介:张孝中(1961-),男,陕西澄城人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事于水土保持研究。E-mail:zxz211@126.com
通讯作者:王莎(1987-),女,硕士生,主要从事于土壤侵蚀过程研究。E-mail:wangsha525@sina.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01