WEI Guo-liang,LI Wei,WANG Ping,et al.Effects of Hydropower Development on Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Riparian along Lancang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):47-52.
澜沧江水电开发对河岸带土壤养分分布的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Hydropower Development on Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Riparian along Lancang River
- 分类号:
- S153.6;X820.3
- 摘要:
- 以澜沧江中下游河岸带为案例研究区，针对4种河段生态系统类型，对比研究了水电开发对河岸带土壤养分空间分布的影响。结果表明：水电开发是澜沧江中下游河岸带土壤养分空间分异的主要驱动力之一；受水电开发的影响，河岸带土壤主要养分因子含量和土壤养分综合质量均趋向规律性分布，横向上随距离增加呈上升趋势，纵向上在漫湾库区出现峰值；漫湾库区和小湾样带土壤养分综合质量随距离变幅较小，漫湾坝下和景洪样带土壤养分综合质量随距离变幅较大；已建库区的植被恢复和小气候改善对库区及坝下河岸带土壤养分条件产生正面影响，工程施工对在建电站河岸带土壤养分条件产生负面影响，且负面影响强度与施工规模和施工强度呈正相关关系；随着与河道距离的增加，水电开发的影响强度呈幂指数减小趋势；总体来看，养分条件较好的样点主要集中在已建库区和自然河段以及距离河道50 m以外的远岸处，养分条件较差的样点主要集中在在建电站以及距离河岸50 m以内的近岸处。
- Abstract:
- Based on four types of river sections along the middle and lower reaches of Lancang River, the effects of hydropower development on spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients were studied. Results showed that hydropower development was one of the primary driving factors influencing spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients along the riparian of middle and lower reaches of Lancang River. Under the effects of hydropower development, spatial distribution of soil nutrient contents and soil quality index of riparian showed a rising tendency with the increasing distances to the riverbank, and the peak value appeared at Manwan reservoir riparian along the river. Soil quality indexes of Manwan reservoir and Xiaowan belts had lower changing coefficients, but they were higher in below-dam and Jinghong belts. The vegetation restoration and ameliorated climate conditions around the functioning reservoir had positive effects on soil quality of the riparian. However, the construction of dam had negative effects on soil quality and the dam construction with larger scale and heavier constructing intensity affected more seriously. At the same time, the transverse effect intensity of hydropower development reduced exponentially along with the increases in distances to riverbank. In general, under the effects of hydropower development, sampling plots with better soil quality concentrated in the riparian of reservoir and lower natural section and the range far away from riverbank and those with poorer soil quality concentrated in the riparian of constructing dams and the locations within 50 m to riverbank.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-08-08;改回日期:2013-09-17。
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题（2011BAC09B07）；国家自然科学基金项目（51179007）；北京市自然科学基金项目（8132039）
作者简介:魏国良(1978-),男,河南林州人,博士,高级工程师,研究方向:生态环境影响评价。E-mail:weiguoliang78@163.com
通讯作者:李帷(1982-),女,辽宁鞍山人,博士,高级工程师,研究方向:环境面源污染控制。E-mail:weili1007@126.com