LI Guang-de,ZHANG Yue-tao,ZHAI Ming-pu,et al.Study on Selection of Water-Harvesting and Moisture-Conserving Measures in Young Plantations of Prunus sibirica L. in Gneiss Mountainous Area of North China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(06):71-76,83.
华北片麻岩石质山地山杏幼林集水保墒措施选择
- Title:
- Study on Selection of Water-Harvesting and Moisture-Conserving Measures in Young Plantations of Prunus sibirica L. in Gneiss Mountainous Area of North China
- Keywords:
- gneiss rocky mountainous area; wing-style fish-scale pits; water-harvesting and moisture-conserving; Prunus sibirica Lam.
- 分类号:
- S753.53
- 摘要:
- 为了确定适宜的华北片麻岩石质山地山杏幼林集水保墒措施，以生长、生理、土壤水分等为评判指标，研究了河北平山片麻岩石质山区翼式鱼鳞坑+保水剂+石子（YY+B+S）、翼式鱼鳞坑+保水剂+秸杆（YY+B+J）、翼式鱼鳞坑+保水剂（YY+B）、翼式鱼鳞坑+石子（YY+S）、翼式鱼鳞坑+秸杆（YY+J）、翼式鱼鳞坑（YY）及对照（CK）处理对山杏幼树地径、树高、材积、新梢生长、净光合速率、叶绿素含量，以及土壤水分等的影响。结果表明：（1）采用翼式鱼鳞坑及翼式鱼鳞坑与石子、秸秆、保水剂等综合集水保墒措施可有效改善山杏土壤水分状况，一个生长季及一次大的降水后土壤含水量较对照分别提高了22.4%~61.8%和28.53%~106.25%；（2）集水保墒措施能有效促进山杏地径、树高、材积及新梢的生长，处理平均较对照分别高26.07%，117.87%，443.83%，84.04%；（3）集水保墒措施可通过促进土壤水分条件的改善来改善山杏光合作用等生理特性，处理后山杏叶片叶绿素含量、日平均净光合速率、一次大的降水后净光合速率平均较对照高25.24%~128.73%，22.18%~153.56%，3.16%~35.35%；（4）综合各种集水保墒措施对山杏生长、生理及土壤水分等指标的影响，结合经济因素考虑，翼式鱼鳞坑+石子（YY+S）和翼式鱼鳞坑+秸杆（YY+J）是华北片麻岩石质山地山杏两种方便、经济、适用的集水保墒措施。
- Abstract:
- In order to select reasonable water-harvesting and soil conservation measures in young plantations of Prunus sibirica Lam. in gneiss rocky mountainous area of north China, growth, physiological, and soil moisture evaluation indicators such as ground diameter, tree height, volume, shoot length, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and soil water content were used to indicate the effect of different measures on Prunus sibirica L. in Pingshan County, Hebei Province in 2008. The micro-topography water-harvesting and soil conservation measures include wing-style fish-scale pits + soil absorbent polymers + stone-mulching (YY+B+S), wing-style fish-scale pits + soil absorbent polymers + straw-mulching (YY+B+J), wing-style fish-scale pits + soil absorbent polymers (YY+B), wing-style fish-scale pits + stone-mulching (YY+S), wing-style fish-scale pits + straw-mulching (YY+J), wing-style fish-scale pits (YY) only, also a group of Prunus sibirica L. without any treatment were included as the control treatment(CK). The result showed that: (1) soil moisture could be improved by the water-harvesting and soil conservation measures by 22.4% to 61.8% and 28.53% to 106.25% in a whole growth season and a rainfall cycle, respectively; (2) the growth of Prunus sibirica L. such as ground diameter, tree height, volume, and shoot length could be enhanced through the above treatments by 26.07%, 117.87%, 443.83%, and 84.04%, respectively compared with CK; (3) the net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content of Prunus sibirica L. increased by 3.16%~153.56%, and 25.24%~128.73%, respectively, compared with CK; (4) considering the factors above, also with the economic factor, YY+S and YY+J were recommend as the available, economical, convenient, and adaptable water-harvesting and soil conservation measures for Prunus sibirica L. in gneiss rocky mountainous area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-04-15;改回日期:2013-05-10。
基金项目:“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题“华北中山区高效水土保持林构建技术研究与示范”（2011BAD38B0605）
作者简介:李广德(1980-),男,山西武乡人,博士,讲师,主要从事森林培育及远程教育方面的研究。E-mail:guangdeli123@163.com
通讯作者:贾黎明(1968-),男,山西偏关人,博士,教授,主要从事森林培育及城市林业等方面的研究。E-mail:jlm@bjfu.edu.cn