[1]闫人华,熊黑钢,张芳,等.极端干旱区夏季不同土地类型的小气候特征差异研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(04):149-154,159.
　YAN Ren-hua,XIONG Hei-gang,ZHANG Fang,et al.Research on the Micro-climate Characteristic Differences of Different Underlying Surface in the Hyper-arid Zone in Summer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(04):149-154,159.
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极端干旱区夏季不同土地类型的小气候特征差异研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 20 期数: 2013年04期 页码: 149-154,159 栏目: 出版日期: 2013-08-28
Title:
Research on the Micro-climate Characteristic Differences of Different Underlying Surface in the Hyper-arid Zone in Summer
作者:
闫人华1,2,3, 熊黑钢4,3, 张芳1,3, 夏英辉1,3
1. 新疆大学 资源与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
2. 中国科学院 南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008;
3. 新疆大学 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
4. 北京联合大学 应用文理学院, 北京 100083
Author(s):
YAN Ren-hua1,2,3, XIONG Hei-gang4,3, ZHANG Fang1,3, XIA Ying-hui1,3
1. Institute of Resources and Enviromental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
2. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nangjing 210008, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
4. College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100083, China
关键词:
极端干旱区; 小气候; 土地类型; 特征; 差异
Keywords:
hyper-arid zone; micro-climate; land type; characteristic; differences
分类号:
P463.2
摘要:
通过对新疆于田县5种不同土地类型的小气候因子进行观测，探讨了不同土地类型气温、地温、相对湿度、风速、蒸发等小气候因子在特征值、逐日变化幅度、垂直变化上的差异性特征。结果表明：①沙漠、戈壁、棉花地、玉米地在气温、地温、风速、蒸发及其逐日变化幅度上依次递减，而相对湿度依次递增。②总体来看，各土地类型（下垫面）风速均随高度的增加而下降，地温则随土层深度的增加而减小，其变化幅度差异明显。除玉米地外，各下垫面越向上，气温越高，相对湿度越大。③ 5个下垫面的夜间蒸发量较白天迅速减少，尤以绿洲减少比例最大，达到86%。④具有过渡性质的交错带无论是因子特征值，还是垂直变化趋势、幅度均与沙漠、戈壁相似。甚至由于戈壁的海拔相对较高，交错带的特征值和变化幅度高于戈壁，而介于沙漠和棉花地之间。⑤由于自身水份与植被覆盖条件的不同，戈壁、沙漠的气温与相对湿度两因子的相关性较差，而玉米地、棉花地居中，交错带最好。
Abstract:
The eigenvalues including daily variation amplitude, and vertical variation of air temperature, ground temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and evaporation in 5 different land types were analyzed based on the observation of micro-climate factors. The results indicated that: the air temperature, wind speed, evaporation decrease progressively in the order of desert, gobi, cotton fields, corn fields, however, relative humidity increase gradually in that order. Generally, with the increase of height, wind speed of each surface decreases, and the ground temperature declines in company with depth. Except for maize field, air temperature and relative humidity of each surface become bigger, as the height builds up. Evaporation of five surfaces at night reduces abundantly, particularly the decline proportion of oasis, which is 86%. The ecotone with the transitional nature is similar to the desert, gobi in the climate eigenvalue and its change trend, amplitude. Even because of Gobi’s relatively high altitude, the eigenvalue and changes amplitude of factors of ecotone are higher than that of gobi, lying between the desert and cotton field. For instance, the ecotone’s air temperature is higher than gobi, cotton field, and lower than desert. Owing to the differences of water and vegetation coverage, the correlation between air temperature and ground temperature of desert, gobi are poorer; the maize and cotton field are in the middle; the ecotone is the best.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2012-12-31;改回日期:2013-01-31。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41171165，41261049）；国家教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”创新团队项目（IRT1180）
作者简介:闫人华(1987-),男,河南安阳人,硕士,主要从事区域可持续发展研究。E-mail:yrh036@163.com
通讯作者:熊黑钢(1956-),男,湖南湘乡人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事干旱区研究。E-mail:xhg1956@sohu.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01