HUANG Yi,ZOU Hong-tao,YAN Hong-liang,et al.The Effect on Soil Moisture with the Dose of Deep Placing Corn Straw[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(04):61-63.
玉米秸秆深还剂量对土壤水分的影响
- Title:
- The Effect on Soil Moisture with the Dose of Deep Placing Corn Straw
- Keywords:
- corn straw deep placement; soil moisture; variation trend
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 针对目前秸秆浅旋和直接翻压还田存在的问题，设计了秸秆机械化集中深还田试验，为探讨秸秆集中还田后不同时期的土壤水分分布状况，对不同部位的土壤水分进行了周年监测，结果显示：秸秆集中的部位与玉米播种部位隔开适宜的距离，秸秆还田形成的大孔隙将不会影响玉米的正常生长，秸秆还田的第一年，秸秆处于强吸水阶段，秸秆集中部位的土壤含水量随秸秆剂量的加大而降低、秸秆深还第二年，秸秆仍处于吸水状态，其趋势与第一年类似，但降低的幅度比第一年小；随着秸秆腐解，土壤与秸秆之间的含水量趋近于平衡，其蓄水与供水功能逐渐显现。秸秆深还后土壤水分运动始终处于饱和状态，因此应根据土壤与秸秆的水分状况实施机械化深还，以使秸秆与土壤的水分尽快融合，真正达到保水保肥的目的。
- Abstract:
- In view of the problems of returning corn straw to the field by shallow rotary tilling and plowing under top soil directly, the experiment of corn straw central deep placing by machinery was conducted. In order to approach the soil moisture distribution status in different period, the soil moisture at different layer was monitored by TDR. The results showed that the large pore space have no effect upon corn seedling growth for having a proper distance between straw and seedling. The corn straw is in strongly absorbing water stage in the first year, the soil moisture at the position deep placing corn straw is decreasing with the increase of application dose. In the second year, the corn straw is also in absorbing water stage. The variation trend is similar to the first year, but the extent is less than the first year. The water content is being equilibrium between soil and corn straw by straw decomposition. The function for holding water and supplying water of corn straw in soil has been being appeared gradually. The soil moisture has always been unsaturated, therefore, the corn straw central deep placing by machinery must be on time and based on the moisture status of soil and corn straw, so as to blending through the water between the soil and straw and attaining the goal of holding water and fertilizer.
参考文献/References:
[1] 贾伟,周怀平,解文艳,等.长期秸秆还田秋施肥对褐土微生物碳、氮量和酶活性的影响[J].华北农学报,2008(2):138-142.
[2] 汪炎炳,徐建文.秸秆还田培肥改土试验研究[J].土壤通报,1991,22(4):171-173.
[3] 吴敬民,许文元,董百舒,等.秸秆还田效果及其在土壤培肥中的地位[J].土壤通报,1991,22(5):211-215.
[4] 官亮,孙文涛,王聪翔,等.玉米秸秆还田对土壤肥力的影响[J].玉米科学,2008(2):122-124.
[5] 武志杰,张海军,许广山,等.玉米秸秆还田培肥土壤的效果[J].应用生态学报,2002(5):539-542.
[6] 王小彬,蔡典雄,张镜清,等.旱地玉米秸秆还田对土壤肥力影响[J].中国农业科学,2000,(4):54-61.
[7] 黄毅,邹洪涛.辽西易旱区雨水资源跨时空调控技术的研究[J].水土保持学报,2006,20(5):126-129.
[8] 张玉龙,邹洪涛.辽西半干旱地区春播前土壤墒情变化的研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,18(6):179-182.
相似文献/References:
[1]苏嫄,焦菊英,马祥华.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要群落地上生物量季节变化及其与土壤水分的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):7.
SU Yuan,JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua.Seasonal Variation of Aboveground Biomass of Main Plant Communities and Its Relationship with Soil Moisture in the Hill-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):7.
[2]王巧利,贾燕锋,王宁,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区自然恢复坡面植物根系的分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):16.
WANG Qiao-li,JIA Yan-feng,WANG Ning,et al.Distribution of Root on Vegetation Recovery Slope in the Hilly and Gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):16.
[3]姚志宏,杨勤科,王粉萍,等.黄土丘陵区影响土壤水分的非气候因子之定量标征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):23.
YAO Zhi-hong,YANG Qing-ke,WANG Feng-ping,et al.Quantitative Marking of Non-climatic Factors Influencing Soil Moisture in Loess Hilly Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):23.
[4]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):202.
[5]奚同行,左长清,尹忠东,等.红壤坡地土壤水分亏缺特性分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):30.
XI Tong-hang,ZUO Chang-qing,YIN Zhong-dong,et al.Analysis on Characteristic of Soil Water Deficit on Red Soil Slope Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):30.
[6]邝高明,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区微地形对土壤水分及生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):74.
KUANG Gao-ming,ZHU Qing-ke,LIU Zhong-qi,et al.Effect of Microrelief on the Soil Water and Vegetation Arrangement in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):74.
[7]鲁瑞洁,唐清亮,桑艳礼,等.青海湖克土沙区不同类型沙丘土壤水分的动态变化[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):111.
LU Rui-jie,TANG Qing-liang,SANG Yan-li,et al.Dynamic Changes of Soil Moisture in Different Dunes of Ketu Sand Land in Qinghai Lake Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):111.
[8]宋淑亚,刘文兆,王俊,等.覆盖方式对玉米农田土壤水分、作物产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):210.
SONG Shu-ya,LIU Wen-zhao,WANG Jun,et al.Effects of Different Mulching Modes on Soil Moisture, Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency in a Corn Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):210.
[9]展秀丽,严平,王宁,等.青海湖防沙工程措施区土壤水分及入渗特征初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):33.
ZHAN Xiu-li,YAN Ping,WANG Ning,et al.Preliminary Study on Soil Water and Permeability Characteristics of Desertification Combating Areas Exerted by Engineering Measures around Qinghai Lake[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):33.
[10]邵明安,陈志雄.SPAC中的水分运动[J].水土保持研究,1991,(01):3.
Shao Mingan,Chen Zhixiong.WATER MOVEMENT IN SPAC[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(04):3.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-02-25;改回日期:2013-05-10。
基金项目:农业部行业专项资金项目”北方主要作物抗旱节水综合技术研究与区域示范”（200903007-8）
作者简介:黄毅(1956-),男,辽宁朝阳人,研究员,主要从事旱作农业、水土保持、水资源与农业节水方面的研究。E-mail:emhuangyi@163.com