LU Long-bin,FU Qiang,HUANG Jin-bai.Runoff Conditions and Runoff Coefficient of the Wind-water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Northern Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(04):17-23.
黄土高原北部水蚀风蚀交错区产流条件及径流系数
- Title:
- Runoff Conditions and Runoff Coefficient of the Wind-water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Northern Loess Plateau
- Keywords:
- Loess Plateau; wind-water erosion crisscross; rainfall-runoff process; numerical calculation; runoff conditions; runoff coefficient
- 分类号:
- P333
- 摘要:
- 为了揭示黄土高原北部水蚀风蚀交错区的产流机制并推求径流系数，为该地区地表水资源的深入研究提供基础数据，选取具有黄土高原北部水蚀风蚀交错区典型气象与水文特征的六道沟流域为研究区。通过分析实测水文数据，从机制上分别研究了试验流域在表层土壤（5—10 cm）达到饱和及不饱和条件下的产流过程，在长历时低强度降雨条件下，产流的必要条件是表层土壤达到饱和且雨强≥0.12 mm/min；在短历时高强度降雨条件下，表层土壤未达到饱和状态时，产流的必要条件是降雨强度≥0.52 mm/min；径流系数与平均降雨强度之间存在着显著的正相关关系；以运动波理论的基础方程式结合GIS技术开发了适用于试验流域的分布式降雨—径流数值模型，模型的误差<3%；基于2005—2009年（5 a）的降雨—径流数值计算，得到试验流域在这5 a的平均径流系数为0.11，从而推求出多年平均径流系数为0.10～0.15。
- Abstract:
- With an aim to estimate runoff conditions and runoff coefficient, to provide the basis for further studies on surface water resources at the wind-water erosion crisscross region on the northern Loess Plateau, a catchment known as Liudaogou which has representative hydrological and meteorological characteristics of the wind-water erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau was chosen as the study site. Runoff conditions were clarified through analysis of the observed rainfall-runoff data. When a long duration with low intensity rainfall occurred, the necessary condition for runoff generation was the topsoil (thickness: 5—10 cm) attained saturation and rain intensity ≥0.12 mm/min; when a short duration with high intensity rainfall occurred, the necessary condition for runoff generation was rain intensity≥0.52 mm/min; runoff ratio was proportion to the average rain intensity; a numerical model for rainfall-runoff has been developed for the study site based on kinematic wave theory combining with GIS and its error in numerical calculation is less than 3%. Average runoff coefficient for five years (2005—2009) was estimated to be 0.11 based on which the annual mean runoff coefficient was approximately estimated as 0.10~0.15.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-02-26;改回日期:2013-04-07。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51279031；41271046）；东北农业大学科学技术启动基金（115-180152）
作者简介:卢龙彬(1989-),男,山东省日照市人,硕士,主要从事流域水文水资源领域的研究工作。E-mail:yjsllb@hotmail.com
通讯作者:付强(1973-),男,辽宁锦州人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事农业水土资源优化利用与管理等方面的研究。E-mail:fuqiang@neau.edu.cn