ZENG Yue-e,YUE Yong-jie,ZHANG Yong-gang,et al.Study on the Community Structure and Diversity of Species of Betula platyphylla Communities in Tulihe[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(03):155-160,166.
图里河白桦群落结构及其物种多样性研究
- Title:
- Study on the Community Structure and Diversity of Species of Betula platyphylla Communities in Tulihe
- Keywords:
- community structure; species diversity; Betula platyphylla; Tulihe
- 分类号:
- S792.153
- 摘要:
- 对大兴安岭中部图里河育林林场白桦群落的树种组成、胸径、树高、白桦种群的分布格局及其物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明：（1）图里河白桦群落的树种组成简单，群落Ⅰ有白桦和山杨两种乔木树种，群落Ⅱ为白桦纯林，群落Ⅲ有白桦、山杨、兴安落叶松和朝鲜柳四种乔木树种。群落Ⅱ的林分密度最大，为1 760株/hm2。群落Ⅲ的林分密度最小，为1 660株/hm2。（2）白桦群落的胸径和树高分布清晰地反映了群落的水平和垂直结构。胸径呈截尾正态分布、偏正态分布及双峰山状分布；树高呈负偏态分布和单峰山状分布。（3）白桦群落的种群分布格局均为聚集分布，聚集程度大小顺序为群落Ⅱ >群落Ⅲ >群落Ⅰ。（4）白桦群落物种数分布范围为15~18种。白桦群落的丰富度指数、多样性指数即Simpson指数（D）和Shannon-Wiener指数（H’）均表现为群落Ⅲ >群落Ⅰ >群落Ⅱ，由群落的垂直结构可知，物种丰富度和多样性指数均为草本层>灌木层>乔木层，群落Ⅲ表现为草本层>乔木层>灌木层。
- Abstract:
- A study was conducted on the species composition, diameter at breast height, tree height, distribution patterns and species diversity of Betula platyphylla community in Tulihe Yulin Forest Farm in Center of Daxinganling. The results showed that:(1) the species composition of Betula platyphylla community is simple, there are Aspens and Betula platyphylla in communityⅠ, there is only Betula platyphylla in communityⅡ, there are Betula platyphylla, Aspens, Larix gmelinii and Salix koreensis in CommunityⅢ, stand density is the greatest with 1 760 strain per hectare in communityⅡ, while it is minimum with 1 660 strain per hectare in communityⅢ; (2) the horizon and vertical structures of Betula platyphylla communities are reflected clearly by DBH and tree height, DBHs have three distribution patterns which are truncated normal distribution, skewed normal distribution and Bimodal mountain shape distribution, tree heights have two distribution patterns which are negatively distribution and unimodal mountain shape distribution; (3) distribution patterns of Betula platyphylla communities belong to the aggregate distribution, the order of the aggregation degree follows as communityⅡ > communityⅢ > communityⅠ; (4) the species numbers in Betula platyphylla communities ranged from 15 to 18. Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index of Betula platyphylla communities are showed that communityⅢ > communityⅠ > communityⅡ. According to the vertical structure of three Betula platyphylla communities, we can conclude that species richness and diversity index have an order with herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer. The communityⅢ, however, showed that herb layer > tree layer > shrub layer.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2012-09-18;改回日期:2012-12-05。
基金项目:中科院战略性先导科技专项子课题（XDA05050201-04-02）；国家基金项目（31160106）；内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队（NDTD2010-10）
作者简介:曾月娥(1988-),女,内蒙古乌兰察布市人,在读硕士研究生,主要研究方向:土地资源管理、水土保持等。E-mail:zengyueehappy@126.com
通讯作者:岳永杰(1976-),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向:林学、生态学、水土保持学等。E-mail:wolongyue@126.com