MA Li-hong,HUANG Xue-ju,QIN Ji-hong,et al.Impacts of Litter and Snow Cover on Topsoil Urease Activity Dynamics of Subalpine Forest in Southwestern China in the Cold Season[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(02):60-65.
凋落物和积雪覆盖对低温季节西南亚高山森林表层土壤脲酶动态的影响
- Title:
- Impacts of Litter and Snow Cover on Topsoil Urease Activity Dynamics of Subalpine Forest in Southwestern China in the Cold Season
- Keywords:
- subalpine forest; cold season; soil urease activity; cover; cold ecosystem
- 分类号:
- S714.3;S154.2
- 摘要:
- 土壤脲酶（URE）活性易受到温度、地表覆盖（凋落物和积雪覆盖）、土壤水热动态等的影响，是常用的表征土壤中有机态氮转化与矿化状况的生物活性的指标之一。为探索凋落物和积雪覆盖对低温季节川西亚高山森林土壤脲酶活性的影响，以低温季节亚高山针叶林均质化土壤为研究对象，采用4种不同覆盖处理（裸露地表、凋落物覆盖、积雪覆盖、凋落物和积雪同时覆盖）进行原位培养，对各处理在低温季节（11月至翌年5月）表层（0—10 cm）和下层（10—20 cm）土壤进行采样并分析其脲酶活性动态。结果表明：（1）川西亚高山森林土壤脲酶活性在低温季节仍相对较高；整体呈现出先增高，随后急剧降低，到低温末期达到峰值的变化趋势。（2）整个低温季节凋落物和积雪对URE活性的影响均达到极显著水平，凋落物和积雪两因素之间存在显著的交互作用。凋落物和积雪覆盖动态格局深刻影响着亚高山森林的生态过程，亚高山森林高海拔土壤脲酶活性可以作为低温季节高海拔生态系统环境变化的一个短期响应特征。
- Abstract:
- Urease activity is often used as one of biochemical indices to assess soil organic nitrogen transformation and mineralization because of its vulnerability and sensitivity to soil temperature, surface cover, moisture dynamics. In order to determine impacts of litter and snow cover on topsoil urease activity dynamics of subalpine forest in southwestern China in the cold season, based on homogenized soil columns incubated in situ under four treatments (i.e., bare soil without snowcover, bare soil with snowcover, litter without snowcover, and litter with snowcover), soil of 0—10 cm and 10—20 cm layers of the four treatments were sampled in October, December, January, February, March and May, respectively, and their urease activities were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) urease activities were relatively higher in subalpine forest soil during the cold season from November to May, and it increased gradually in the initial period, then reduced sharply, and reached to the summit by the end of the cold season; (2) soil urease activities were impacted significantly by litter and snow cover in 0—10 cm and 10—20 cm layers during the cold season, and interaction of snow cover and litter cover on URE activity were significant. Soil urease activity could be used as one of soil biochemical indicators of short-term response to environment changes in subalpine cold ecosystems.
参考文献/References:
[1] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Climate change 2007: The Physical Scientific Basis[EB/OL].http://www.ipcc.ch/cited.
[2] 陈红君.岷江冷杉叶功能特性对大气CO2浓度和温度升高的响应[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
[3] Groisman P Y, Davies T D. Snow Cover and the Climate Systems[M]//Jones H G, Pomeroy J W. Walker D A. Snow Ecology: An interdisciplinary examination of snow-covered ecosystems. New York:Cambridge University Press,2001.
[4] 谭波,吴福忠,杨万勤,等.冻融末期川西亚高山/高山森林土壤水解酶活性特征[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1162-1168.
[5] Lipson D A, Schmidt S K, Monson R K. Carbon availability and temperature control the post-snowmelt decline in alpine soil microbial biomass[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2000,32(4):441-448.
[6] Campbell J L, Mitchell M J, Groffman P M, et al. Winter in northeastern North America: a critical period for ecological processes[J]. Frontier in Ecology and the Environment,2005,3(6):314-322.
[7] Mikan C J, Schimal J P, Doyle A P. Temperature controls of microbial respiration in arctic tundra soil above and below freezing[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2002,34(11):1785-1795.
[8] Yu H, Luedeling E, Xu J. Winter and springs warming result in delayed spring phenology on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. PNAS,2010,107(51):22151-22156.
[9] 秦纪洪,武艳镯,孙辉,等.低温季节西南亚高山森林土壤轻组分有机碳动态[J].土壤,2012,44(3):413-420.
[10] 王琴,范曾丽,孙辉,等.低温季节西南亚高山森林土壤可溶性有机碳动态[J].四川农业大学学报,2012,30(1):18-23.
[11] 黄雪菊,王琴,孙辉,等.不同地表覆盖下低温季节对西南亚高山土壤微生物量碳动态的影响[J].山地学报,2012,30(1):543-549.
[12] 汤懋苍,程国栋.青藏高原近代气候变化及其对环境的影响[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1998.
[13] 郭继勋,姜世成,林海俊,等.不同草原植被碱化草甸土的酶活性[J].应用生态学报,1997,8(4):412-416.
[14] 余方明,刘华,刘可慧,等.川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复初期土壤酶活性研究[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(1):64-68.
[15] 杨万勤,钟章成,陶建平,等.缙云山森林土壤酶活性与植物多样性的关系[J].林业科学,2001,37(4):124-128.
[16] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究方法[M].北京：农业出版社，1986.
[17] 杨涛,李玉英.高寒草甸土壤脲酶活性的研究[J].生态学报,1988,8(3):220-225.
[18] 徐振锋,唐正,万川,等.模拟增温对川西亚高山两类针叶林土壤酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2727-2733.
[19] 熊浩仲,王开运,杨万勤.川西亚高山冷杉林和白桦林土壤酶活性季节动态[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(4):416-420.
[20] 秦纪洪,孙辉,易之煦.低温季节西南亚高山森林土壤多酚氧化酶动态研究[J].土壤通报,2012,43(5):1074-1079.
[21] Schimel J P, Bilbrough C, Welker J M. Increased snow depth affects microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in two Arctic tundra communities[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36(2):217-227.
[22] Tiwari M B, Tiwari B K, Mishra R R. Enzyme activity and carbon dioxide evolution from upland and wetland rice soils under three agricultural practices in hilly regions[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils,1989,7(4):359-364.
[23] van Bochove E, Prévost D, Pelletier F. Effects of freeze-thaw and soil structure on nitrous oxide produced in a clay soil[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1638-1643.
[24] Wagner-Riddle C, Thurtell G W, Kidd G K, et al. Estimates of nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural fields over 28 months[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science,1997,77(2):135-144.
[25] Buckeridge K M, Grogan P. Deepened snow alters soil microbial nutrient limitations in arctic birch hummock tundra[J]. Applied Soil Ecology,2008,39(2):210-222.
相似文献/References:
[1]李菊,王琴,孙辉.海拔梯度对川西高寒土壤轻组分有机碳动态影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(01):51.
LI Ju,WANG Qin,SUN Hui.Temporal Dynamics of Light-Fraction Organic Carbon of Subalpine-Alpine Soil Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Southwestern China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(02):51.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2012-09-24;改回日期:2012-11-08。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（40871124，41271094）；成都市科技局项目（10YTYB130SF-023）；成都大学校基金（2010XJZ13）
作者简介:马丽红(1989-),女,甘肃渭源人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为环境生态学。E-mail:malihong0526@126.com.
通讯作者:孙辉(1971-),男,四川南充人,副研究员,主要从事土壤退化过程及恢复生态方面的研究。E-mail:sunhuifiles@gmail.com