[1]孙林,罗毅.长期滴灌棉田土壤盐分演变趋势预测研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(01):186-192.
　SUN Lin,LUO Yi.Study on the Evolution Trends of Soil Salinity in Cotton Field under Long-term Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(01):186-192.
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长期滴灌棉田土壤盐分演变趋势预测研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 20 期数: 2013年01期 页码: 186-192 栏目: 出版日期: 2013-02-28
Title:
Study on the Evolution Trends of Soil Salinity in Cotton Field under Long-term Drip Irrigation
作者:
孙林1, 罗毅2
1. 中国科学院 生态系统网络观测与模拟重点试验室, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
2. 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011
Author(s):
SUN Lin1, LUO Yi2
1. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Research Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
关键词:
膜下滴灌; Hydrus 2D模型; 土壤盐分; 数值模拟
Keywords:
drip irrigation under film; Hydrus 2D model; soil salinity; mathematical simulation
分类号:
S156.4+1
摘要:
膜下滴灌节水增产高效的表现使其成为我国西北干旱区绿洲农田普遍使用的灌溉方式。然而，长期滴灌下土壤盐分的变化趋势亟待研究。于2010年在新疆玛纳斯河绿洲进行微咸水灌溉试验，校验Hydrus 2D模型，并模拟预测长期滴灌下土壤盐分积累的变化特征。结果显示：Hydrus 2D模型可以有效模拟滴灌土壤盐分分布与积累特征；滴灌根区土壤盐分主要受灌溉输入土壤盐分与深层淋洗作用影响，随着滴灌年份的增加，根区盐分逐步增加，作物蒸腾受限，下渗淋洗量加大，最终根区的输入盐量与淋洗盐量相当，根区盐分处于相对平衡状态。以矿化度分别为4.8，3.2，1.6，0.8 g/L的灌溉水质为例，在420 mm灌溉水量下，分别在10，15，20，35 a后土壤盐达到平衡，根区盐分分别稳定在4.2，3.8，3.2，2.8 mg/cm3，作物的蒸腾满足率分别为72%，80%，85%，91%，为保证研究区内作物的正常生长，需要的灌溉量至少应分别为495，470，425，395 mm。
Abstract:
Drip Irrigation under film is a prevailing irrigation method in arid area of northwest China due to its outstanding efficiency of water saving and production increases. However, issue on rise of salt accumulation in crop field under long-term drip irrigation should been dealt with as soon as possible. In this paper, the Hydrus 2D model was calibrated and validated by using the observed data of dynamics progress of soil salt obtained from field experiment which was conducted in Manasi river irrigation district, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The result showed that Hydrus 2D model was a useful tool to simulate soil salt distribution and accumulation under drip irrigation. Then soil salt accumulation in different quota brackish water under long-term drip irrigation was simulated and analyzed. We found that soil salt increased with the irrigating years, but it finally reached a stable equilibrium for its increasing speed got slower which was chiefly due to salt leaching increase while transpiration was suppressed by increased soil salt. The equilibrium times were 10, 15, 20 and 35 years, respectively, while then contents of irrigated water salinity were 4.8, 3.2, 1.6 and 0.8 g/L and with irrigation water rate of 420 mm, contents of soil salt at root zone were 4.8, 3.2, 1.6, 0.8 mg/cm3, respectively, and corresponding guarantee rate of transpiration requirement were 72%, 80%, 85% and 91%, respectively. In order to maintain soil salt below the tolerance of crop, contents of irrigated water salinity were 4.8, 3.2, 1.6 and 0.8 g/L, rates of irrigation water should be more than 495, 470, 425 and 395 mm, respectively.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2012-01-15;改回日期:2012-07-02。
基金项目:中国科学院“百人计划”项目（KZXC2-YW-BR-12）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2010CB951002）
作者简介:孙林(1973-),男,新疆塔城人,主要研究方向为干旱区生态水文过程与模型。E-mail:Sunlin-Cas@hotmail.com
通讯作者:罗毅(1966-),男,河南罗山县人,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为旱区寒区水文过程模拟与观测。E-mail:luoyi.cas@hotmail.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01