[1]张莉,张青峰,郑子成,等.基于M-DEM的黄土人工锄耕坡面水系分维特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):7-11.
　ZHANG Li,ZHANG Qing-feng,ZHENG Zi-cheng,et al.M-DEM-based Stream Fractal Dimension of Artificial Backhoe Cultivated Loess Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):7-11.
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基于M-DEM的黄土人工锄耕坡面水系分维特征研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 19 期数: 2012年05期 页码: 7-11 栏目: 出版日期: 2012-10-20
Title:
M-DEM-based Stream Fractal Dimension of Artificial Backhoe Cultivated Loess Slope
作者:
张莉1,2, 张青峰1,2,3,4, 郑子成3,5, 王健1,2,3,4
1. 西北农林科技大学, 资源环境学院, 陕西, 杨凌712100;
2. 农业部黄土高原农业资源与环境修复重点开放实验室, 陕西, 杨凌712100;
3. 中科院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西, 杨凌712100;
4. 西北农林科技大学, 中国旱区节水农业研究院, 陕西, 杨凌712100;
5. 四川农业大学, 四川, 雅安625000
Author(s):
ZHANG Li1,2, ZHANG Qing-feng1,2,3,4, ZHENG Zi-cheng3,5, WANG Jian1,2,3,4
1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Key Lab for Agricultural Resources and Environmental Remediation in Loess Plateau of Agriculture Ministry of China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
关键词:
分形; M-DEM; 耕作措施; ArcGIS
Keywords:
fractal; micro-topography; tillage measures; ArcGIS
分类号:
S157
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
该文旨在微观尺度上对地表微地形水系形成过程及其几何分形特征进行研究与分析，为研究坡面流水侵蚀过程及其防治提供科学依据。通过构建90 mm/h雨强、15°坡度下不同水蚀阶段(雨前-溅蚀-片蚀-细沟侵蚀)黄土人工锄耕坡面微地形数字高程模型，设置不同集水面积阈值提取微地形水系，并基于格网法计算相应的水系分维值。结果表明：(1) 分形理论用于研究微地形水系及其形成过程具有可行性；(2) 降雨前、溅蚀、片蚀和细沟侵蚀阶段的最适集水面积阈值分别为15，20，25，30 cm2，对应的最佳分维值分别为1.067，1.088，1.068，1.079；(3) 人工锄耕坡面在各侵蚀阶段均处于侵蚀发育的幼年期。该研究不仅为微观层面研究黄土耕作坡面水系分维提供方法指导，也可为进一步揭示土壤侵蚀机理提供数据支持。
Abstract:
This paper aims to explore a way to illustrate the stream network forming process with its fractal geometry characteristic of micro-topography in the micro scale, and provide the scientific basis for further research about slope surface water erosion process and prevention. In this paper, 4 M-DEMs for artificial backhoe cultivated loess slope with the slope gradient of 15°and the rainfall intensity of 90 mm/h were built during the evolution of soil erosion from before rainfall(BR)→splash erosion(SpE)→ sheet erosion(ShE)→ rill erosion(RE) based on laboratory experiment. Then stream networks for different catchments thresholds were extracted with the support of ArcGIS 9.3 soft package. Correspondingly, fractal dimensions were calculated based on the grid method. The results showed that:(1) fractal theory could be safely adopted to the study of river network with its forming process of micro-topography;(2) the optimal catchments thresholds of each rainfall stage were 15, 20, 25, 30 cm2, and the optimal fractal dimensions were 1.067, 1.088, 1.068 and 1.079, respectively;(3) Artificial backhoe slope erosion was still in the primary stage. In general, a methodology on a micro-topographic stream with its fractal dimension is illustrated, and it should be safe to be adopted for further research for surface micro-topographic.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2012-4-9;改回日期:2012-4-9。
基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金项目(2011JM5007);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金课题(10501-283)
作者简介:张莉(1985- )，女，甘肃会宁人，硕士研究生，研究方向：地图学与地理信息系统。E-mail：zhangli11@yeah.net
通讯作者:张青峰(1974- )，男，山西孝义人，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事地图学与地理信息系统、土地资源与空间信息技术方面的研究。E-mail：zhqf@nwsuaf.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-01-06