DENG Wen-ping,LI Hai-guang,YU Xin-xiao,et al.Influence of the Change of Land Use/Land Cover and Precipitation Variation on Runoff and Sediment Transport in LÜergou River Watershed on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(04):226-231.
黄土高原吕二沟流域土地利用/覆被和气候变化对径流泥沙的影响
- Title:
- Influence of the Change of Land Use/Land Cover and Precipitation Variation on Runoff and Sediment Transport in LÜergou River Watershed on the Loess Plateau
- Keywords:
- land use/land cover; climate variability; runoff; sediment transport
- 分类号:
- P332.5;F301.24
- 摘要:
- 为了研究气候变化和土地利用/覆被变化对流域生态水文的影响，以吕二沟流域为研究对象，采用非参数统计秩检验法的分析方法，根据研究区1982-2010年的气象数据，对其中的径流量和输沙量进行了突变点检验，分析了不同时期的径流量和输沙量的变化，以及不同时期土地利用和气候变化对流域径流泥沙的贡献。结果表明：（1）径流泥沙在非显著变化期内的减少量和幅度均小于其在显著变化期。（2）在非显著变化期内，径流的减少，气候因素的贡献率为40.98%，而土地利用的贡献率为59.01%，即流域土地利用变化是导致流域径流量减少的主要原因；人类活动使泥沙量减少1.38万t，而气候变化使泥沙量减少0.81万t。（3）在显著变化期内，径流的减少气候因素的贡献率为65.57%，而土地利用的贡献率为34.43%；人类活动使泥沙量减少4.80万t，而气候变化使泥沙量减少4.37万t。（4）在研究期内，人类活动对生态水文影响作用逐渐减小，而气候变化对其影响逐渐加剧。
- Abstract:
- In order to study the coupling effects of land use/land cover and climate variability on runoff and sediment transport, LÜergou watershed was taken as an example and the trend of annual streamflow and sediment transport in period of 1982-2010 were examined. By using the nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and the change of annual streamflow and sediment discharge in different period were analyzed. In addition, the contributions of landuse and climate variability period to runoff and sediment yield were assessed. The results showed that: (1) The reduction of streamflow and sediment transport in unremarkable variation period was less than in remarkable period; (2) In unremarkable variation period, the estimated streamflow reduction from 1987-1991 was attributable to landuse change (59.01%) and climate change (40.98%), so, the streamflow reduction was mainly due to the change of landuse;the reduction of mean annual sediment yield by 13.80 thousand ton, the climate variability caused the reduction of mean annual sediment yield by 8.10 thousand ton; (3) In remarkable variation period, we estimated that streamflow reduction from 1991-2010 was attributable to landuse change (34.43%) and climate change (65.57%), the landuse caused the reduction of mean annual sediment yield by 48.00 thousand ton, the climate variability caused the reduction of mean annual sediment yield by 43.70 thousand ton; (4) The effects of landuse on runoff and sediment transport gradually decreased, while the effects of climate variability gradually increased.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2011-1-15;改回日期:2011-2-28。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（40871136）
作者简介:邓文平（1987- ），男，湖北随州人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：水土保持。E-mail：deng_wen_ping@126.com
通讯作者:余新晓（1961- ），男，甘肃平凉人，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向：森林水文、水土保持等。E-mail：yuxinixao111@126.com