WEI Zhan-xiong,GUO Lian-yun,XIE Wei-dong.The Characteristics of Climate Change on Alpine Pasture Growing Season and the Impacts to the Length of Herbage Growth of the 3-River Sources, Qinghai Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(04):170-174,178.
三江源区高寒草地牧草生长季气候变化特征及其对牧草生育期长度的影响
- Title:
- The Characteristics of Climate Change on Alpine Pasture Growing Season and the Impacts to the Length of Herbage Growth of the 3-River Sources, Qinghai Province
- Keywords:
- climate warming; Stipa sareptana var.krylov Ⅱ; development stage; the 3-Rivers Source; Xinghai County
- 分类号:
- S812;Q142.2
- 摘要:
- 利用1999-2010年青海省三江源区西北针茅牧草生育期观测资料和同期气象资料，分析了牧草生长季气候变化特征及其对牧草生育期长度的影响。结果表明：（1）三江源区兴海高寒草地牧草生长季（4-9月）平均气温以0.36℃/10 a的速度升高，降水量以148.6 mm/10 a的速度极显著增多，日照时数以7.7 h/10 a的速度微弱增加，总的气候趋势呈现出"暖湿"特征，对高寒草地牧草的生长发育极为有利。（2）西北针茅牧草的各生育期长度，0℃-返青期日数、返青-抽穗期日数、开花-成熟期日数、成熟-黄枯期日数均表现逐年缩短的变化趋势，其中成熟-黄枯期日数显著缩短。抽穗-开花期日数则呈逐年延长的趋势。（3）对西北针茅牧草0℃-返青期日数，2月降水量、1月平均气温、累计日照时数的影响最大；对返青-抽穗期日数，累计降水量影响较大；对抽穗-开花期日数7月上旬降水量和累计日照时数影响大；对开花-成熟期日数影响较大的有7月中旬、下旬和8月上旬的平均气温以及累计温度；对成熟-黄枯期日数影响最大的气候因子是8月、9月中旬的平均气温、≥5℃日平均气温终日日数和累计降水量和累计日照时数。
- Abstract:
- Data for this study included development materials of Stipa sareptanavar. krylovⅡ from 1999 to 2010, and meteorological records from 1961 to 2010, which were both collected at the standard weather station of Xinghai County, Qinghai Province, Analysis of the forage growing season, climate change and its effect on the length of herbage growth. The results showed that: (1) The average temperature (from April to Septemper) increased with 0.36 ℃ every 10 years, precipitation significantly increased with 148.6 mm every 10 years, sunshine hours in every 10 years, a weak increase at the rate of 7.7 h, the general climate trends show a warming feature, it’s very favorable to alpine pasture on the growth and development; (2) Stipa sareptanavar. krylovⅡ length of each growth period, 0℃-number of days turning green, turning green-the number of days heading stage, flowering-maturity days, mature-number of days showed wilting shortened year by year trend, which mature-wilting significantly reduced number of days. Heading-number of days the flower trend was gradually extended; (3) For Stipa sareptanavar. krylovⅡ 0℃-number of days turning green, February precipitation, January average temperature, total sunshine hours were affected most;next spring-heading days, greater impact on the cumulative rainfall;On the heading-number of days flowering in early July precipitation and sunshine hours accumulated a great impact;mature-the wilting of the greatest number of days the climate factor is August, in mid-September the average temperature, ≧5℃ day daily average temperature days and the cumulative precipitation and cumulative sunshine hours. Flowering-maturity has a greater impact on the number of mid-July and late August and the average temperature and accumulated in early temperature.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2011-1-18;改回日期:2011-2-21。
基金项目:青海省科技厅科技促进新农村建设计划项目（2009-N-503）
作者简介:魏占雄（1969- ），男，青海平安人，兽医师，从事生态环境保护工作。E-mail：glycloud@126.com