HUO Wen,YANG Qing,LI Yang,et al.Calculation of Potential Evaporation at Akesu River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(01):137-140,145.
阿克苏流域可能蒸发量的计算
- Title:
- Calculation of Potential Evaporation at Akesu River Basin
- 分类号:
- P426.2
- 摘要:
- 利用阿克苏流域内的9个气象站的日风速、最高温度、最低温度等气象要素资料，通过彭曼-蒙特斯公式计算出气象单站的可能蒸发量，再通过采用梯度距离平方反比法（GIDS）作为差值公式计算出阿克苏流域内的每个网格点的可能蒸发量。结果表明：阿克苏流域年平均可能蒸发量约为848.3亿m3，且分布不均匀，最大值达到1 600 mm，最小值约为600 mm。在阿克苏流域，海拔高差变化和温、湿度是影响可能蒸发量大小的主要因素；可能蒸发量的总体变化趋势随着海拔高度的降低而逐渐增大，随着平均温度的增大而逐渐增大；阿克苏流域的可能蒸发量只是实际蒸发量的区间上限。
- Abstract:
- Based on the daily observation of meteorological elements including wind speed, maximum temperature as well as minimum temperature from 9 weather station at Akesu basin, the potential evaporation at each grids of the whole basin are calculated through using GIDS (Gradient Inverse Distance Spuared) as Penman-Monteith equation. It is concluded that, the annually averaged potential evaporation of Akesu basin is approximately 84.83 billion cubic meters, the distribution of which is uneven, with its maximum 1 600 mm and minimum around 600 mm. The dominant factors for potential evaporation are the variation of sea level elevation, temperature and humidity. Meanwhile, the general changing tendency of the potential evaporation increased gradually with the decreasing of sea level elevation and the increasing of mean temperature, and the potential evaporation of Akesu basin is just the interval upper limit of the actual evaporation.
参考文献/References:
[1] 刘小莽, 郑红星, 刘昌明, 等.海河流域潜在蒸散发的气候敏感性分析[J].资源科学, 2009, 31(9):1470-1476.
[2] Kundzewicz Z W, Somlyody L. Climatic Change Impact on Water Resources in a Systems Perspective[J]. Water Resour. Manage., 1997, 11:407-435.
[3] 布德科 M N.地表面热量平衡[M].李怀瑾, 邓进上, 译.北京:科学出版社, 1960.
[4] 钱学伟, 李秀珍.陆面蒸发计算方法述评[J].水文, 1996(6):25-31.
[5] Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al. Crop Evapotranspiration: Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements[M]. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998.
[6] 刘钰, Pereira L S, Teixeira J L. 参照腾发量的新定义及计算方法对比[J].水利学报, 1997, 28(6):27-33.
[7] 傅抱璞, 翁笃鸣, 虞静明, 等.小气候学[M].北京:气象出版社, 1994:126-127.
[8] 韩松俊, 胡和平, 杨大文, 等.塔里木河流域山区和绿洲潜在蒸散发的不同变化及影响因素[J].中国科学:E辑, 2009, 39(8):1375-1383.
[9] Gao G, Chen D L, Xu C Y, et al. Trend of estimated actual evapotranspiration over China during 1960-2002[J].J. Geophys. Res., 2007, 112, D11120[doi].
[10] Ohmura A, Wild M. Is the hydrological cycle accelerating[J].Science, 2002, 298(5597):1345-1346.
[11] 邱新法, 刘昌明, 曾燕.黄河流域近40年蒸发皿蒸发量的气候变化特征[J].自然资源学报, 2003, 18(4):437-442.
[12] 左洪超, 李栋梁, 胡隐樵, 等.近40年中国气候变化趋势及其同蒸发皿观测的蒸发量变化的关系[J].科学通报, 2005, 50(11):1125-1130.
[13] Zhang Y Q, Li C M, Tang Y H, et al. Trends in pan evaporation and reference and actual evapotranspiration across the Tibetan Plateau[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 2007, 112:D12110[doi].
[14] Roderick M L, Rotstayn L D, Farquhar G D, et al. On the attribution of changing pan evaporation[J]. Geophys Res. Lett., 2007, 34:L17403[doi].
[15] Ozdogan M, Salvucci G D. Irrigation-induced changes in potential evapotranspiration in southeastern Turkey: Test and application of Bouchet’s complementary hypothesis[J]. Water Resour Res., 2004, 15:443-450.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2010-7-19;改回日期:2010-8-11。
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划资助（2010CB951001）；公益性行业气象行业专项（GYHY200706008）国家自然基金项目（40775019，40975097）；沙漠基金（Sqj2009002）
作者简介:霍文（1981- ），男，陕西人，助理研究员，从事沙漠气象工作。E-mail：huowenpet@idm.cn