YAO Jun,TANG Chong-xia,HE Bing-hui.Effects of Different Fertilization Level on N-losses alone with Surface Runoff on Slope Land of Purple Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(02):54-57.
紫色土坡耕地不同施肥水平下氮随径流流失特征研究
- Title:
- Effects of Different Fertilization Level on N-losses alone with Surface Runoff on Slope Land of Purple Soil
- Keywords:
- purple soil; fertilization level; loss amount; loss conficient
- 分类号:
- S157
- 摘要:
- 采用径流小区定点监测，研究了紫色土坡耕地“冬小麦-夏玉米”种植模式下不同施肥水平处理氮随径流流失特征。试验结果表明：产流量与降雨量变化趋势基本一致。在同等施肥水平下（583.20 kg/hm2），常规处理（农家肥+化肥）中，总氮、硝态氮及氨态氮的浓度变化不显著，各处理氮流失系数分别为：常规处理1.82%，优化处理2.66%，横坡垄作0.51%，横坡垄作中总氮、硝态氮及氨态氮流失量较优化处理相应减少了60.4%，73.2%，53.9%，较常规处理总氮、硝态氮相应减少28.8%，10.4%，氨态氮增加2.4%。在同等种植模式下（顺坡），增量处理（施肥量增加50%），氮流失系数为2.46%，总氮、硝态氮及氨态氮流失量较优化处理相应增加23.3%，11.1%，69.1%。在外界因素如“前期降水较少、施肥后短期内出现较大强度降雨等”强力干扰下，各形态氮素流失量显著增加，且有随施肥量增加而增大的趋势。
- Abstract:
- Through monitoring the runoff in plots, the N-loss was studied under different fertilization levels with winter wheat-summer maize rotation on the slope land of purple soil. The results showed that the amount of runoff was consistent with rainfall. Under the same fertilization level (583.20 kg/hm2), for the conventional treatment, the TN, NO3-N and NH4-N did not change significantly; the coefficients of N-loss are as follows: 1.82% with conventional treatment, 2.66% with optimization treatment and 0.51% under cross-ridge. Compared with optimization treatment and conventional treatment, the TN, NO3-N and NH4-N reduced 60.4%, 73.2%, 53.9% and 28.8%,10.4%,-12.4%, separately under cross ridge treatment. Under the same plantation mode, incremental treatment (fertilizer increase 50%), the N-loss coefficient is 2.46% and the TN, NO3-N and NH4-N increased 23.3%, 11.1%, 69.1% compared with optimization treatment. The results also showed that the disturbance under external factors such as little precipitation and a heavy rainfall shortly after fertilization, will increase the N-loss significantly, and the loss increased with increasing fertilization.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2009-10-13。
基金项目:农业部重点科技项目“种植业源污染物流失系数测算”（WX-Z-20-1）；国家自然科学基金（40671115）；重庆市自然基金重点项目（2007BA1015）；西南大学生态学重点学科“211工程”
作者简介:姚军（1985- ），男，重庆巫溪人，硕士研究生，主要从事水土保持与农业面源污染研究。E-mail：yaojun@swu.edu.cn
通讯作者:何丙辉（1966- ），教授，博士生导师，主要从事土壤侵蚀与小流域综合治理研究。E-mail：h