HUANG Hui-ping,ZHANG Cen.LUCC and Analysis of Water Resources Effect in Arid Area—A Case of Ganzhou District, Zhangye, Gnasu Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):270-274.
基于3S的干旱区土地利用/覆被变化及其对水资源的影响分析——以张掖市甘州区为例
- Title:
- LUCC and Analysis of Water Resources Effect in Arid Area—A Case of Ganzhou District, Zhangye, Gnasu Province
- Keywords:
- 3S; LUCC; qualitative; and; quantitative; analysis; of; water; resource; Ganzhou; district; of; Zhangye
- 分类号:
- F301.24;P271
- 摘要:
- 基于GIS软件平台Arcinfo9.0，从1987年和2002年两个时期的TM和ETM遥感数据中提取了甘州区土地利用数据，分析了该区土地利用/覆被的时空变化及其对水资源的影响。结果表明：1987-2002年该区土地利用发生了很大变化，荒漠地、耕地及城镇及交通用地增加，其中面积增长最多的是荒漠地，增加了6.18×104 hm2，其次是耕地；牧草地、林地、水域及其他未利用地面积有所减少，减少最多的是牧草地，减少了3.74×104 hm2，占总减少土地面积的50.92%。土地利用/覆被变化改变着工农业用水、地表蒸发、土壤水分状况及地表覆被截留量，进而对区域水资源产生重大影响：地表年径流量在入境莺落峡径流量略显增加的状况下，而出境高崖水文站水量却持续下降，1987-1994年平均为11.135亿m3，1995-2002降至平均7.645 7亿m3，降幅达32.01%；地下水水位下降明显，新沟测点地下水位下降为原来的67.99%，石岗墩测点下降了47.58%，且水位下降幅度呈现不断增加趋势，使泉水溢出量减少，给甘州区生态经济可持续发展构成了严重威胁。
- Abstract:
- The data of Ganzhou land use changes were extracted from RS data of TM and ETM in 1987, 2002, based on Arcinfo 9.0 of GIS software platform. The paper analyzed spatio-temporal changes of land use and its influence on water in Ganzhou during 15 years. The result showed that: the great changes took place in Ganzhou from 1987 to 2002.The areas of desertificated land, cultivated land and city/traffic land were rising, among which, the most of growing land was desertificated land, increased 6. 18×104 hm2 (60.2%). The secondary growing land was cultivated land. The most significant reduction of land use was grassland, shrinked 3.74×104 hm2 (50.92%). LUCC had altered industrial and agricultural water, exhalation of earth’s surface, soil moisture regime and surface retention, which greatly affected water resources of region. Annual runoff, flowed into this district, slightly showed ascension in Yingge gorge, but consistantly cut down in Gaoai hydrometric station that water flowed out-average 1.135×108 m3 from 1987 to 1994, reduction to average 7.645 7×108 m3 from 1995 to 2002.Ground water level distinctly descended-reduction 67.99% in Xingou measuring point, 47.58% in Shigangdun measuring point, which made spillover of fountain shrink and brought severe threats to sustainable development of Ganzhou district.
参考文献/References:
[1] Suzanne S.Priority questions for land use/cover change research in the next couple of years[M].LUCC Newsletter,2001:1-9.
[2] Nunes,Auge J I.Land-use and land-cover change inplementation strategy[R].IHDP Report 10,1999:7-21.
[3] Huang Mingbin,Zhang Lu.Hydrological responses to conservation practices in a catchment of the Loess plateau,China[J].Hydrological Process,2004,18:1885-1989.
[4] 傅伯杰,邱扬,王军,等.黄土丘陵小流域土地利用变化对水土流失的影响[J].地理学报,2002,57(6):717-722.
[5] Vorosmarty C J,Green P,Salisbury J,et al.Global water resources:vulnerability from climate change and population growth[J].Science,2000,289:284-288.
[6] 任志远,李晶,王晓峰,等.城郊土地利用变化与区域生态安全动态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[7] 任志远.陕北黄土高原生态安全动态变化定量分析[J].干旱区地理,2005,18(5):642-646.
[8] 李小玉,肖笃宁.石羊河流域中下游绿洲土地利用变化与水资源动态研究[J].水科学进展,2005,16(5):643-648.
[9] 王根绪,杨玲媛,陈玲,等.黑河流域土地利用变化对地下水资源的影响[J].地理学报,2005,60(3):456-466.
[10] 阎建忠,张镱锂,朱会义,等.大渡河上游不同地带居民对环境退化的响[J].地理学报,2006,61(2):146-156.
[11] 李启森,赵文智,冯起,等.黑河流域及绿洲水资源可持续利用理念及对策[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(3):370-377.
[12] 任建华.黑河流域水资源开发对生态环境的影响[J].水土保持通报,2005,25(4):95-110.
[13] 张光辉,聂振龙,刘少玉,等.黑河流域走廊平原地下水补给源组成及其变化[J].水科学进展,2005,16(5):673-678.
[14] 丁宏伟,张举.干旱区内陆平原地下水持续下降及引起的环境问题:以河西走廊黑河流域中游地区为例[J].水文地质工程地质,2002,29(3):71-75.
相似文献/References:
[1]余慧容,蒲春玲,刘志有,等.基于TM/ETM+绿洲城市土地利用时空演变分析——以新疆奎屯市为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):147.
YU Hui-rong,PU Chun-ling,LIU Zhi-you,et al.Analysis on Spatial-temporal Land-use Changes of Oasis City-A Case Study of Kuytun City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):147.
[2]赵晶晶,张玮,高伟明.昌黎黄金海岸国家级自然保护区土地利用/覆被变化及驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):211.
ZHAO Jing-jing,ZHANG Wei,GAO Wei-ming.Analysis of Land Use/Land Cover Change and Driving Forces in Changli Gold Coast National Nature Reserve[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):211.
[3]田媛,许月卿,吴艳芳.环京津冀北贫困带土地利用/覆被变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):82.
TIAN Yuan,XU Yue-qing,WU Yan-fang.Study on Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Northern Poverty Belt of Hebei Province around Beijing and Tianjin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):82.
[4]孙丽娜,宋戈.松嫩高平原黑土区土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态风险分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):148.
SUN Li-na,SONG Ge.Land Use/Cover Change and Its Landscape Ecological Risk Analysis in the Black Soil Region of Songnen High Plain——A Case Study of Bayan County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):148.
[5]蒙吉军,吴秀芹,李正国.黑河流域LUCC(1988-2000)的生态环境效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):17.
MENG Ji-jun,WU Xiu-qin,LI Zheng-guo.Eco-environmental Responses of Land Use/Cover Changes (1988～2000) in Heihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):17.
[6]郝仕龙,曹连海,李壁成.小尺度土地利用/覆被变化驱动力研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):228.
HAO Shi-long,CAO Lian-hai,LI Bi-cheng.Study on Driving Force of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Small Scale[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(04):228.
[7]邵怀勇,仙巍,周万村,等.三峡工程实施十年间库区土地利用/覆被时空变化研究——以开县为例[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):243.
SHAO Huai-yong,XIAN Wei,ZHOU Wan-cun,et al.Research on the Spatial-temporal Process of Land Use/ Cover Change in Reservoir Area During the Ten Years of Three Gorges Project’s Constructing——A Case Study of Kaixian[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(04):243.
[8]李富程,王青,李国蓉,等.马尔柯夫过程预测官司河流域土地利用/覆被格局变化[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(05):31.
LI Fu-cheng,WANG Qing,LI Guo-rong.Prediction of Land Use and Land Cover Patterns Using Markov Chain Model in Guansi River Valley[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):31.
[9]王安周,张桂宾,耿秀丽.1988-2002年郑州市景观格局演变分析[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):190.
WANG An-zhou,ZHANG Gui-bin,GENG Xiu-li.Research on Urban Landscape Dynamics of Zhengzhou City during 1988-2002[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(04):190.
[10]杨卓,李全,魏斌,等.典型东北农牧交错区土地利用/覆被变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(04):212.
YANG Zhuo,LI Quan,WEI Bin,et al.Analysis of Land Use/Cover Changes of Typical Agro-pasture Zigzag Zone in Northeast China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(04):212.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2009-02-07。
基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目（200801015）；华北水利水电学院高层次人才科研启动项目；华北水利水电学院青年基金项目（HSQJ2009015）
作者简介:黄会平（1979-），女，河南省许昌市人，硕士，讲师，主要从事遥感与地理信息系统研究。E-mail：huanghuiping@ncwu.edu.cn