LU Hong-hai,ZHANG Cheng.The Variations of Groundwater Quality and Its Relationship with Human Activity[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(06):238-240.
济南泉域岩溶水质演变及其对人类活动的响应
- Title:
- The Variations of Groundwater Quality and Its Relationship with Human Activity
- 分类号:
- P641.8
- 摘要:
- 地下水是岩溶地区水资源的重要赋存形式，也是岩溶地区经济发展的重要支撑点。由于岩溶含水层的本质脆弱性，岩溶水资源在人类活动胁迫下极易蜕变。以20世纪50年代末的地下水化学状况为背景值，结合近20 a的水质监测资料，分析了济南泉域岩溶水质演化与人类活动的关系。结果显示：近20 a来，地下水质总体呈恶化趋势，水质的区域性、阶段性变化与人类活动强度密切相关，东郊岩溶水质最差，且无污染物增长幅度明显高于市区和西郊。伴随土地利用方式的改变和人类活动强度的空间变化，地下水质从间接补给区、直接补给区到泉水排泄区，单项污染指数和综合污染指数依次升高；具有典型代表性的泉域东部大辛河流域，从上游、中游到下游，地下水污染物的浓度也渐次升高，且愈往下游污染物浓度增幅愈大，显示出与土地利用方式和人类活动的密切相关性。因此优化调整土地利用结构，减少人类活动对地下水的污染，对岩溶水资源的可持续利用和济南“泉城”景观的保护有重要意义。
- Abstract:
- The groundwater is the main water resources in karst areas.It is also one of the most important basic aspects in supporting the social economic development.The groundwater quality is affected by human activity to a large extent due to its intrinsic vulnerability.Based on more than 20 years’ hydrochemical data, taking Ji’nan spring basin as an example, the variations of groundwater chemistry and its relationship with human activity are analyzed.The results show that the groundwater has been deteriorated during the past 20 years.The groundwater quality varies not only in different areas but also in different time under the pressure of human activity.The groundwater quality in the east suburb is worse than that of the west and the centre and is deteriorating more rapidly.With the land use change and the enhancement of human activity, the groundwater pollution index rises from the indirect recharge area via the direct recharge area to the discharge area.The same variation happens from upper reaches to lower reaches in Daxin river basin, a typical karst area in the east of Ji’nan spring basin where the patterns of land use and human activity changes apparently.There is a close relationship between the groundwater and land use change and human activity.Therefore it is necessary to rearrange the patterns of land use and prevent the groundwater from polluting caused by unreasonable human activity in order to realize the sustainable utilization of karst water resources and to protect the famous spring-scape in Ji’nan.
参考文献/References:
[1] 袁道先, 蔡桂鸿.岩溶环境学[M].重庆:重庆出版社, 1985.
[2] 袁道先.中国岩溶学[M].北京:地质出版社, 1993.
[3] 陈振鹏.济南保泉供水研究[J].中国岩溶, 1985, 4 (2):22-29.
[4] 李传谟, 赵新华.济南岩溶水资源的分析与泉水名胜的保护[J].中国岩溶, 1985, 4 (2):31-39.
[5] 张宝祥, 孙学懂, 刘青勇.济南泉群断流的成因与对策探悉[J].地下水, 2003, 25 (1):6-9.
[6] David D, Heinz H.Karst hydrogeology and human activities[M].Poland:Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Slaskiegoul, 1998:31-37.
[7] 山东省地矿工程勘察院.山东省济南市保泉供水水文地质勘探报告[R].1989.
[8] 山东省地矿工程勘察院.山东省环境地质图集[M].济南:山东省地图出版社, 1996:41-43.
[9] 济南保泉课题组.济南泉水来源试验研究[R].1996.
[10] 沈照理, 朱宛华, 钟佐.水文地球化学基础[M].北京:地质出版社, 1993.
[11] Ekmekci M.Impact of quarries on karst groundwater systems[M]//Gunay G.Hydrogeological Processes in Karst Terrains.IAHS Publ., 1993, 207:3-6.
[12] Wicks C, Groves C.Acidic mine drainage in carbonate terrains:geochemical processes and rates of calcite dissolution[J].Journal of Hydrology, 1993, 146:13-27.
[13] 刘新华, 傅家谟, 沈照理, 等.油类污染过程中地下水地球化学环境的变化:以山东省淄博市某地下水水源地为例[J].地球化学, 1996, 25 (4):331-338.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2007-1-27。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（90202016）
作者简介:路洪海（1970- ），男，山东滨州人，硕士，主要从事岩溶环境学研究。