ZHANG Li-ping,ZHANG Rui-bo,NI Han-bin.Ecosystem Evolvement Corresponding to Different Phases of Resources Exploitation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(03):384-386.
资源开发与生态系统演化的阶段耦合性
- Title:
- Ecosystem Evolvement Corresponding to Different Phases of Resources Exploitation
- 分类号:
- X171.1
- 摘要:
- 以神东矿区为例，采用野外调查、资料统计、实验分析等方法，研究煤田开发以来矿区生态环境的动态变化.结论为：①资源高度集中和生态环境脆弱的剪刀差错位，是导致资源开发中生态严重退化的主要原因;②资源开发阶段与生态系统演化的对应关系为：基建期-生态环境破坏期;过渡期-生态环境退化期;达产期-生态环境治理期;稳产期-生态环境恢复期;③资源开发和生态演化的时间差问题，是脆弱生态环境生态系统功能自我恢复缓慢、甚至很难的根本原因，需辅以人为保育和恢复措施;(4)在未来资源开发过程中，我们应将资源开发与生态环境演化对应关系优化为：基建期-生态环境保护期;过渡期-生态环境保育期;达产期-生态环境建设期;稳产期-生态环境优化期.
- Abstract:
- Shenfu-dongsheng coal field was taken for example to research on the processes ecological environment since coalfield exploitation which started in 1986,from the aspects of field investigation,information statistics and experimental analysis.Some conclusions were gained.(1) It is main reason of causing ecological environment deteriorating and ecosystem degenerating,that fragile ecological environment crosses resources concentrating exploitation.(2) The corresponding relationships of exploitation stages and ecosystem’s evolvement can be summed up as following: capital construction phase-destroying phase of ecological environment,transitional phase-degradation phase of ecological environment,producing phase-father phase of ecological environment and steady producing phase-rehabilitation phase of ecological environment.(3) Under the different background of nature environment,the self-rehabilitation of ecosystem is different.The ecological background of northwest in China was so fragile that the self-rehabilitation of ecosystem function lost,as a result,it needs scores of years to hundreds of years to renew.That shows that ecological rehabilitation in the processes of resources exploitation must adopt man-made assistant ecosystem protection and rehabilitation measures that were based on the ecological environment background.(4) In the process of northwest exploitation in the future,these corresponding relationships should be optimized as following: capital construction phase-protection phase of ecological environment,transitional phase-breeding of ecological environment,producing phase-construction phase of ecological environment,and steady producing phase-optimizing phase of ecological environment.
参考文献/References:
[1] 张丽萍, 唐克丽.矿山泥石流[M].北京:地质出版社, 2001.24-30.
[2] 杨景才, 关三和.建设山川秀美的神东矿区确保能源基地的可持续发展[J].煤矿环境保护, 2000, 14(6):9-12.
[3] 张汉雄, 王占礼.神府东胜煤田开发对乌兰木伦河河道淤积与输沙的影响[J].水土保持研究, 1994, 1(4):60-71.
[4] 张平仓, 王文龙, 唐克丽等.神府东胜矿区采煤塌陷及其对环境影响初探[J].水土保持研究, 1994, 1(4):36-44.
[5] 王义.神华神东矿区生态环境保护及治理技术[J].西北地质, 2003, 36(增):41-47.
[6] 张力, 刘山林.准格尔煤田水土流失的综合治理[J].煤矿环境保护, 2000, 14(3):48-49.
[7] 康世勇.上湾煤矿水土流失治理技术[J].煤矿环境保护, 1999, 13(5):38-39.
[8] 张锡辉.水环境修复工程学原理与应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2002.1-10.
[9] 唐克丽, 等.中国水土保持[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004.175-179.
[10] 卢升高, 吕军.环境生态学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社, 2004.69-76.
相似文献/References:
[1]唐克丽,侯庆春,王斌科,等.黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带和神木试区的环境背景及整治方向[J].水土保持研究,1993,(02):2.
Tang Keli,Hou Qingchun,Wang Binke,et al.The Environment Background and Administration Way of Wind-water Erosion Crisscross Region and Shenmu Experimental Area on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1993,(03):2.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2006-4-21
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40271071)
作者简介:张丽萍(1960- )，女，教授(博导)，博士(博士后出站)，主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持、生态环境和地貌与第四纪方面的教学与科研.