ZHANG Hong-jiang,CHENG Jin-hua.Effects of Forest Variety on Runoff and Sediment in the Three-Gorge Region of Yangtze River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):1-3.
长江三峡地区森林变化对径流泥沙的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Forest Variety on Runoff and Sediment in the Three-Gorge Region of Yangtze River
- Keywords:
- Three-Gorge region; forest variety; runoff and sediment
- 分类号:
- S718.512
- 摘要:
- 针对长江三峡地区森林变化及降雨、径流及泥沙运动的特点，采用流域自身对比法，在长江三峡库区选择了雾渡河流域的森林、径流及泥沙等观测数据，研究径流及泥沙运动特性。分析研究了森林变化与年径流量、枯水期径流量、洪枯比及年输沙模数间的关系。结果表明，在雾渡河流域内，森林覆盖率每减少1个百分点，年径流深增加3.55mm，枯水期径流深减少4.61mm；活立木总蓄积量每减少1万m3，年径流深增加3.75mm；枯水期径流深减少4.87mm。森林覆盖率每减少1个百分点，洪枯比增加0.83，年输沙模数增加67.5t/（km2·a）；活立木总蓄积量每减少1万m3，洪枯比增加0.88，年输沙模数增加71.3t/（km2·a）。
- Abstract:
- In accordance with the characteristics of forest variety, precipitation, runoff and sediment movement of Three-Gorge region of Yangtze River, the properties of runoff and sediment movement is studied by the method of watershed comparison with itself, based on the observations on forest, runoff, sediment, etc of Wuduhe watershed in Three-Gorge region of Yangtze River. The influence of forest variety on annual runoff, scanty runoff, ratio of peak discharge to low flow and annual sediment delivery modulus is studied. The results show that annual runoff will increase by 3.75 mm and scanty runoff will decrease by 4.61 mm if forest cover decreases by 1%, and annual runoff will increase by 3.75 mm and scanty runoff will decrease by 4.87 mm if forest volume decreases by 10000 m3. At the same time, ratio of peak discharge to low flow will increase by 0.83 and annual sediment delivery modulus will increase by 67.5 t/ (km2·a) if forest cover decreases by 1%, and ratio of peak discharge to low flow will increase by 0.88 and annual sediment delivery modulus will increase by 71.3 t/ (km2·a) if forest volume decreases by 10000 m3.
参考文献/References:
[1] 王礼先,张志强.干旱地区森林对流域径流的影响[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(5):439-444.
[2] 刘昌明,钟骏襄.黄土高原森林对年径流影响的初步分析[J].地理学报,1978,33(2):112-126.
[3] 张志强,王礼先,等.森林植被影响径流形成机制研究进展[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):79-84.
[4] Swanson R H.Forest hydrology issues for the 21st century:Aconsultant’s viewpoint[J].Ameri.Water Resource Assoc.,1998,34(4):755-763.
[5] Vorobeichik,E L,Pozolotina,V N.Microscale spatial variation in forest litter phytotoxicity[J].Russian Journal of Ecology,2003,34(6):381-388.
[6] Semkin,R G,Hazlett,P W,Beall,F D.Development of stream water chemistry during spring melt in a northern hardwood forest[J].Water,Air and Soil Pollution.2002,2(1):37-61.
[7] Chen,G X,Yu,K W,Liao,L P.Effect of human activities on forest ecosystems:N cycle and soil fertility[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2000,57(1):47-54.
[8] Anderson,P H,Pezeshki,S R.The effects of intermittent flooding on seedling of three forest species[J].Photosynthetica,2000,37(4):543-552.
[9] Laiolo,Paola,Rolando,Antonio.The evolution of vocalizations in the genus corvus&colon:effects of phylogeny,morphology and habitat[J].Evolutionary Ecology,2003,17(2):111-123.
[10] 张洪江,解明曙,等.长江三峡花岗岩出露区不同林地的土壤保持作用[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(2):99-103.
[11] 张洪江,解明曙,王玉杰,等.长江三峡库区多功能防护林建设途径探讨[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,20(6):47-53.
[12] 王礼先,张志强.森林植被变化的水文生态效应研究进展[J].世界林业研究,1998,11(6):14-23.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2006-2-23;改回日期:。
基金项目:国家重点研究发展计划（973计划）“长江上游环境变化与产水产沙作用机制”（课题编号：2003CB415202）的资助
作者简介:张洪江（1955- ），男，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向：流域治理。