ZHENG Jia-li,HU Jian-zhong.Distribution, Composition and Community Characteristics of Hippophae Rhamnoides ssp. Sinensis in Beichuanhe Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(03):55-59.
北川河流域中国沙棘的分布、组成与群落学特征
- Title:
- Distribution, Composition and Community Characteristics of Hippophae Rhamnoides ssp. Sinensis in Beichuanhe Basin
- Keywords:
- distribution; stand composition; community characteristics; Hippophae Rhamnoides ssp. Sinensis; the Beichuanhe basin
- 分类号:
- S793.6;S718.54
- 摘要:
- 位于黄河上游的北川河流域，区内海拔高度2300~3600 m的范围内，分布着各种类型的中国沙棘林分。其中，青海云杉+中国沙棘、白桦+中国沙棘这2种自然林分类型，适宜在海拔2700~3000 m之间的脑山区仿建；华北落叶松+中国沙棘、青杨+中国沙棘这2种人工混交类型，适宜在海拔2700 m以下的浅山区阴坡、半阴坡布设；而中国沙棘纯林及林草复合类型，在脑山区及浅山区的阴坡、半阴坡，均易于人工仿建；海拔3000 m以上高寒山区，属于中国沙棘林分的封禁管护范围。中国沙棘各类林分在演替过程中，随着林分郁闭度增高，林下植物种类不仅由阳性、中生向耐荫逐步发展过渡，而且种类数量随着郁闭过程也在不断减少，丰富度指数呈现着“小-大-小”的变化历程，而优势度指数恰好相反，为“大-小-大”的过程。北川河流域植被演替趋势是达到当地顶极群落-青海云杉-藓类林。生产实践中应科学仿拟中国沙棘林的自然分布模式，充分发挥各类中国沙棘林分多方面的生态经济功能。
- Abstract:
- There exist a lot of natural seabuckthorn stands in an altitude extent from 2300 to 3600 m in the Beichuanhe basin, which is located on the upper reaches of the Yellow River.Picea crassifolia+Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis, Betula platyphylla+Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis, are two kinds of good mixed native stands for imitation of rehabilitation in high mountains of the elevation from 2700 to 3000 m, while two kinds of good artificial stands, that is, Larix principis-rupprechtii+Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis, Populus cathayana+Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis, from more than 40 years practice, are suitable to afforest in the shady and semi-shady slopes of the low mountains with an elevation under 2700 m.Pure seabuckthorn stands and mixed types of seabuckthorn forests and herbages, are eligible for high mountains and semishady and shady slopes in the low mountains.In the areas of more than 3000 m altitude, the natural seabuckthorn bushes should be mainly protected according to the concerning laws.On the process of succession, the kinds of plant species not only change from intolerant, moderate to shade-tolerant species, but the number of the species gradually decrease as the stands grow and canopy coverage increase, with the Gleason richness presenting from small to large then small again along with the growth of seabuckthorn going on, and the Simpson dominance index presenting a contrary process.The succession trends in the areas are to get to the climax community of Picea crassifolia+moss forest.The multiple eco-economic function of different seabuckthorn stands can be reached after a suitable allocation, scientific management and technology utilization based on the principle of imitating native seabuckthorn forests.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2005-6-15
基金项目:“十五”国家科技攻关计划项目“退耕还林还草工程区水土保持型植被建设技术研究与示范”（2001BA510B01）
作者简介:郑佳丽（1982- ），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：生态环境工程。