HAO Ming-de,WEI Xiao-rong,DANG Ting-hui.Effects of Long-term Micronutrients Fertilization on Wheat Yield in Dryland of Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):25-28.
黄土区旱地长期施用微肥对小麦产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Long-term Micronutrients Fertilization on Wheat Yield in Dryland of Loess Region
- 分类号:
- S143.7
- 摘要:
- 以已进行18年的微量元素肥料定位试验为背景，研究了长期施用微肥条件下小麦的增产效应。施入微肥后，籽粒、秸秆中微量元素含量增加。长期定位施用硼肥平均增产112.8kg/（hm2·a），增产率达4.5%；施用锌肥平均增产110.4kg/（hm2·a），增产率达4.4%；施用锰肥平均增产92.2kg/（hm2·a），增产率达3.7%；施用铜肥平均增产188.5kg/（hm2·a），增产率达7.6%.在不同降水年型微肥的增产作用不同，硼肥在常态年增产作用显着，增产率为8.0%，干旱年增产率为2%，丰水年不增产；锌肥在不同降水年型增产作用较为稳定，常态年增产为4.3%，干旱年增产率为7%，丰水年增产率为5.4%；锰肥丰水年增产显着，增产率为9.0%，常态年、干旱年增产率分别为2.7%、1.3%.铜肥在常态年、干旱年增产率分别为10.7%、9.5%，丰水年不增产。在目前微肥价格下，施用硼、锌、锰、铜微肥有较好的经济效益。
- Abstract:
- Based on a long term located experiment of applying micronutrients fertilizer for 18 years, it was investigated on effects of long term applying micronutrients fertilizer on wheat yield.Contents of micronutrients in grain and stalk were increased by applying micronutrients.By applying B fertilizer, average yield was increased by 112.8 kg/(hm2·a), with a increase rate of 4.5%;by applying Zn fertilizer, average yield was increased by 110.4 kg/(hm2·a), with a increase rate of 4.4%;by applying Mn fertilizer, average yield was increased by 92.2 kg/(hm2·a), with a increase rate of 3.7%;by applying Cu fertilizer, average yield was increased by 188.5 kg/(hm2·a), with a increase rate of 7.6%.Effects of micronutrients fertilizer on yield were different in differernt partners of annual rainfall.The effect of B fertilizer was signficant in normal year, with a increase rate of 8.0%.However, its increase rate was 2% in dry year and its effect was not signficant in moist year.Effects of Zn fertilizer on yield were steadier in differernt pattern of annual rainfall, its increase rates in normal year, dry year and moist year were 4.3%, 7% and 5.4%, respectively.The effect of Mn fertilizer was signficant in moist year, with a increase rate of 9.0%, however, its increase rates were 2.7%, 1.3% in normal year and dry year respectively.The increase rate of Cu fertilizer were 10.7% and 9.5% in normal year and dry year respectively, Cu fertilizer had no signficant effect in moist year.Applying B, Zn, Mn and Cu fertilizer can get benefit greatly according to the present micronutrients fertilizer price.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2002-11-25
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（40171058）；中国科学院知识创新方向性项目（KZCX2-413）；国家科技攻关（2001BA508B18）
作者简介:郝明德（1957- ），男，研究员，博士生导师，从事土壤肥力与黄土高原综合治理研究。