Han Shifeng,Shi Zhuye,Xu Jianrong.The Soil Water Use Efficiency of Main Crops in Southern Ningxia Semi-Arid Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(01):112-117.
宁南半干旱地区主要作物土壤水分效率
- Title:
- The Soil Water Use Efficiency of Main Crops in Southern Ningxia Semi-Arid Area
- Keywords:
- soil water; main corp; southern Ningxia; water use rate
- 摘要:
- 宁南半干旱地区主要作物的土壤水分效率，经1988～1995年长期测定为：年降水利用率，春麦、豌豆、马铃薯、胡麻和谷（糜）依次为52.49%，48.35%，82.56%，63.17%和75.27%，以马铃薯利用率最高，山地高于塬地、川台地；可供有效水利用率，依次为50.77%，47.71%，61.89%，50.29%和59.80%，以马铃薯和谷（糜）地最高，山地高于塬和川台地.在立地条件差异上，胡麻是川台地大于塬、山地；水分生产效率依次为3.47kg/（hm2·mm），3.18kg/（hm2·mm），38.08kg/（hm2·mm），2.44kg/（hm2·mm）和9.13kg/（hm2·mm），以谷（糜）最高，次为马铃薯，川台地高于塬地和山地.从目前的利用率和效率看，多数作物才达50%～60%和2～3kg/（hm2·mm），还有相当大的潜力.提高的途径是：①调剂分配不均的降雨，②补灌提水，③培育抗旱品种，④提高已供有效水的利用率.
- Abstract:
- Through experiments done during 1988-1995, the soil water use rate and soil wateruse efficiency of main crops were analyised.They are as follows: (1) The preclipitation use rate (PUR): spring wheat use 52.49% of precipitation others are peal 48.35%, Potato 82.56%, Flax 63.17% and Proso 75.27%.The PUR in slope land is higher than.that of table land or table land.(2)The soil water use rate (WUR) are respectively 50.77%, 47.71%, 61.89%,50.29% and 59.80% according above order.The WUR has the same tendency with above one.(3) The water use efficiency (WUE): 3.47, 3.18, 38.08, 2.44 and 9.13(unit: kg/hm2·mm).The order of WUE has some difference within difference topography, which is in the order: table land’s >tableland’s >slope land’s.From above analysis, we could see that WUR and WUE have great potentialities.The ways to raise includ: A: to adjust and redistribute the precipitation; B: to uptake water from any water body and irrigate corps; C: to bring up new drought resistant crop varieties; D: to raise the use rate of suplied effective water.
参考文献/References:
[1] 陶统汾等.中国北方旱农地区水分生产潜力及开发.北京:气象出版社, 1993, 53-83
[2] 山仑.节水农业研究的任务与前景.中国科学报, 1985.年8月18日
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:1995-11-10;改回日期:。